公正世界信念对攻击行为的影响

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:37

本文选题：公正世界信念 + 攻击行为　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：Lerner等人提出公正世界信念(Belief in a just world,简称BJW),该理论认为个体相信自己生活在一个公正的世界,在这个公正世界里,人们得其所应得,所得即应得。所以人们愿意用公正的方法去实现目标,避免做出违反规则的行为,在人际交往中自觉遵守互惠原则,表现出亲社会行为。但是我们时常会听到甚至看到违背社会规则的攻击行为,攻击者对受害者恐吓、威胁甚至责打,近来发生的“中关村二小霸凌事件”“丽江打人事件”更是引起社会的广泛关注。那么公正世界信念和攻击行为之间有何关系呢?国外研究者已经开始注意公正世界信念和攻击行为的关系,但还有很多问题需要深入研究。本研究主要探讨公正世界信念对攻击行为影响。对此进行了三个研究:研究一探讨在我国青少年群体中公正世界信念的特点以及对攻击行为是否有影响,一般和自我公正信念哪个在起作用,二者之间有何差异。综合多种测量攻击行为的方法,检测结果是否趋于一致。研究二探讨不同水平的公正世界信念受到威胁后对攻击行为的影响是否存在差异。研究三探讨当公正世界信念受到威胁时,归因会发挥什么样的作用?归因会怎样影响公正世界信念和攻击行为之间的关系?研究结果表明:(1)中学生的一般公正世界信念水平要显著高于自我公正世界信念的水平;不同水平的一般公正世界信念的中学生在攻击行为上差异显著;不同水平的自我公正世界信念的中学生在攻击行为上差异显著;四种测量攻击行为的方法所得结果趋于一致。(2)高公正世界信念的个体,在其公正信念受到威胁后,攻击行为增加。低公正世界信念的个体,威胁其公正信念,攻击行为没有发生变化。中等水平一般公正世界信念的个体,公正信念受到威胁后,敌意增加。(3)在公正世界信念未受到威胁时,诱发归因能够减少低公正世界信念个体的攻击行为。在公正世界信念受到威胁时,诱发归因能够减少高公正世界信念个体受到不公正事件威胁时产生的敌意。内归因在个体公正世界信念受到威胁时,能够减少个体产生的愤怒、敌意和攻击行为。
[Abstract]:Lerner et al put forward the belief that the just world is belief in a just world, which holds that individuals believe that they live in a just world. In this just world, people deserve what they deserve, and what they get is what they deserve. Therefore, people are willing to achieve their goals in a fair way, avoid violating the rules, abide by the principle of reciprocity in interpersonal communication, and show pro-social behavior. But we often hear and even see attacks that violate social rules, where attackers intimidate, threaten or even beat up victims. The recent "Zhongguancun II bullying incident" and "Lijiang assault incident" have aroused widespread social concern. So what is the relationship between faith in a just world and aggression? Foreign researchers have begun to pay attention to the relationship between belief in the just world and aggressive behavior, but there are still many problems that need further study. This study focuses on the impact of belief in the just world on aggressive behavior. There are three studies on this: one is to explore the characteristics of the belief in the just world and whether it has an impact on aggressive behavior in Chinese youth groups. The difference between the general and self-righteous beliefs is also discussed. By synthesizing various methods to measure attack behavior, the detection results tend to be consistent. The second study explores whether there are differences in the influence of different levels of belief in the just world on aggressive behavior. Study III explores what role attribution plays when beliefs in the just world are threatened. How does attribution affect the relationship between faith and aggression in the just world? The results show that the level of general fair world beliefs of middle school students is significantly higher than that of self-righteous world beliefs, and that of different levels of general fair world beliefs is significantly different from that of self-righteous world beliefs. There were significant differences in aggressive behavior among middle school students with different levels of self-righteous world beliefs, and the results of four methods of measuring aggression tended to be consistent. The number of attacks increased. Individuals who believe in a less just world, threaten their belief in justice, and their aggressive behavior remains unchanged. When the belief in the fair world is not threatened, the hostility increases. 3) when the belief in the fair world is not threatened, induced attribution can reduce the aggressive behavior of the individuals with the belief in the low fair world. When the belief in the just world is threatened, the induced attribution can reduce the hostility of the individuals with the belief of the high fair world when threatened by the unjust events. Internal attribution can reduce individual anger, hostility, and aggression when an individual's belief in a just world is threatened.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G444

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