两宋时期学校教化思想及其当代价值研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 03:25

本文选题：两宋学校 + 教化思想　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国古代历来重视教化,学校作为教化的重要载体,在实践教化活动及传播教化思想中起到了重要作用。从先秦到隋唐,学校教化思想经历了一个由萌芽到产生再到发展的过程。到了两宋时期,学校的规模不断扩大,从中央到地方、从官学到私学的教育教化系统日臻成熟。随着两宋学校的不断发展完善,孕育于其中的教化思想也逐渐成为当时主流的教育意识形态。两宋时期的学校教化以道德教化为核心,致力于培养学子们成圣致贤的理想人格,对后世学校教化思想的发展产生了巨大的影响。两宋时期的学校教化思想体系比较完备,在教化的根本目标、基本内容、主要方法和实现途径等方面都有所体现。通过对两宋时期学校教化思想的深入研究,不仅能够全面深刻地了解其内涵,帮助我们认识到当代学校思想政治教育工作中的不足,并且可以从两宋学校的教化经验中得到启示,促使当代学校思想政治教育工作在借鉴学习的过程中不断发展,同时对于构建中国特色的思想政治教育体系有着非常重大的借鉴意义。本文主要分为三大部分,第一部分介绍两宋学校教化思想形成的时代背景和理论依据。第二部分介绍两宋时期学校教化思想体系的基本构成。第三部分重点介绍其对当代学校思想政治教育的启示。第一部分,介绍两宋时期学校教化思想的形成依据。经济的发展、政治政策的引导支持和文化的繁荣,为两宋学校教化思想的形成与发展奠定了时代性的经济基础、政治基础和文化基础。同时在两宋时期对人性善恶的思考,理欲关系的辩论,以及义利取舍的衡量,为学校教化思想的发展奠定了理论基础。第二部分,对两宋时期学校教化思想体系的基本构成做详细的介绍。两宋时期学校以培育“理想人格”为根本目标,并将“理想人格”分为士人、贤人和圣人三个层次。学校要求学生为学能以立志为前提,修身能以明人伦为宗旨,对待人生要抱有诚、敬的态度。通过学生内在的自律自省,外在力量的规范引导的方法和以设置层次化的教学理念,严格的选师制度,平民化教育的不断发展为途径来实现教化的效果。第三部分,通过对两宋时期学校教化思想的价值评析,归纳出当代学校借鉴其积极思想的必要性,提炼出两宋时期学校教化思想对当代学校思想政治的理念启示。并在此基础上分析对当代学校思想政治教育目标的设置、内容的完善、方法的实践起到的启示意义。
[Abstract]:Ancient China has always attached great importance to education. As an important carrier of education, schools play an important role in the practice of enlightenment activities and the dissemination of enlightenment thoughts. From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Sui and Tang dynasties, the thought of school education experienced a process from germination to emergence and then to development. In the Song Dynasty, the scale of the school expanded, from the central to the local, from the official to private education system is becoming more and more mature. With the continuous development and perfection of the schools in the Song Dynasty, the educational ideology conceived in it gradually became the mainstream educational ideology at that time. In the Song Dynasty, the core of the school education was moral education, which was devoted to the cultivation of the ideal personality of the students to become saints and sages, which had a great influence on the development of the later school enlightenment thought. The ideological system of school education in the Song Dynasty is relatively complete, which is embodied in the fundamental goal, basic content, main methods and ways of realization of the education. Through the in-depth study of the ideology of school education in the Song Dynasty, not only can we fully and profoundly understand its connotation, but also help us realize the shortcomings in the ideological and political education of contemporary schools. And we can get enlightenment from the enlightenment experience of the two Song Dynasty schools, and promote the development of ideological and political education in contemporary schools in the process of learning. At the same time, it is of great significance for the construction of ideological and political education system with Chinese characteristics. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part introduces the background and theoretical basis of the formation of school education thought in Song Dynasty. The second part introduces the basic composition of the ideological system of school education in Song Dynasty. The third part focuses on its enlightenment to contemporary school ideological and political education. The first part introduces the formation basis of the school education thought in the Song Dynasty. The development of economy, the guidance and support of political policy and the prosperity of culture have laid the economic foundation, political foundation and cultural foundation for the formation and development of the educational thought of schools in the Song Dynasty. At the same time, during the Song Dynasty, the thinking on the good and evil of human nature, the debate on the relationship between rational desire and desire, as well as the measurement of justice and profit, laid a theoretical foundation for the development of the educational thought of school. In the second part, the author introduces the basic constitution of the ideological system of school education in Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the school took cultivating "ideal personality" as the basic goal, and divided the "ideal personality" into three levels: scholar, sage and sage. The school requires students to be determined to learn as the premise, self-cultivation to the purpose of human relations, to treat life with sincerity, respect attitude. Through the students' internal self-discipline self-reflection, the normative guidance of external forces and the establishment of a hierarchical teaching concept, strict teacher selection system, the continuous development of civilian education as a way to achieve the effect of education. The third part, through the analysis of the value of the school education thought in the Song Dynasty, summarizes the necessity for the contemporary school to draw lessons from its positive thought, and extracts the enlightenment of the school education thought to the contemporary school ideology and politics in the Song Dynasty. On the basis of this, the author analyzes the enlightenment significance to the establishment of the goal, the perfection of the content and the practice of the method of ideological and political education in contemporary schools.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G529

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