父母婚姻质量与小学高年级学生婚姻知觉、积极心理品质的关系研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 13:38

本文选题：婚姻质量 + 婚姻知觉　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国家庭结构是以核心家庭为主,直系家庭占相当大的比例,复合家庭逐渐减少的模式。同时,在时代发展变化的影响下呈现出夫妻核心家庭、隔代直系家庭、再婚家庭及单亲家庭比例升高的新特点。家庭结构的变迁导致家庭中最重要的婚姻关系的改变,随之小学生心理品质也发生相应的改变。积极心理品质的培养有利于潜在智能的开发,对个体的情绪、人格培养有着重要的作用。婚姻冲突多的家庭,孩子的问题行为也较多,相对的婚姻质量高的家庭,孩子的行为、品质的发展会有什么样的表现?本研究旨在了解小学高年级学生积极心理品质的特点;通过探讨婚姻质量在家长视角与小学生视角是否存在差异;进而探讨小学生对父母婚姻的知觉对小学生积极心理品质形成的中介作用。研究一修订了小学高年级学生婚姻知觉问卷,以567名四、五、六三个年级的小学生为被试,探讨问卷的信效度以及在小学高年级群体中的适用性;研究二以研究一为基础,以551名小学高年级学生以及对应的551名家长为对象,以小学高年级学生对父母婚姻知觉问卷、中国人婚姻质量问卷(ENRICH)、小学生积极心理品质量表三个问卷为工具,对小学高年级学生家长的婚姻质量、小学高年级学生积极心理品质的概况从不同方面进行调查,并以小学生对父母婚姻知觉问卷探测知觉到的婚姻质量预测小学生积极心理品质;最后,运用结构方程模型探讨父母婚姻质量通过小学生的婚姻知觉对小学生积极心理品质的中介效应。结果发现:(1)修订的小学高年级学生婚姻知觉问卷符合心理测量学的各项要求,具有良好的信效度。该问卷由共同相处、情感表达、分离倾向、意见一致性、冲突现象五个维度组成;(2)小学生积极心理品质的发展存在显著的年级差异,四年级积极心理品质的发展水平都比五六年级要高。在性别上,男生的创造力品质要比女生高,女生的爱和宽容品质比男生突出;(3)六大美德平均数的大小顺序依次为情感、意志、律己、超越、利群、认知;(4)父母婚姻知觉与小学生积极心理品质显著正相关,小学生知觉到较高的婚姻水平,那么相应的小学生的积极心理品质也会较好。知觉良好的婚姻质量有利于小学生积极心理品质的形成,反之小学生易形成消极的心理品质;(5)小学生婚姻知觉是父母婚姻质量与小学生积极心理品质的中介变量。
[Abstract]:The family structure of our country is dominated by nuclear family, the direct family accounts for a large proportion and the complex family decreases gradually. At the same time, under the influence of the development and change of the times, the proportion of husband and wife nuclear family, intergenerational direct family, remarried family and single parent family has increased. The change of family structure leads to the change of the most important marriage relationship in the family. The cultivation of positive psychological quality is beneficial to the development of latent intelligence and plays an important role in the cultivation of individual emotion and personality. In families with more marital conflicts, children's problem behaviors are also more. What will be the performance of children's behavior and quality development in families with high marital quality? The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of the positive psychological quality of the senior primary school students, and to explore whether there are differences in the marital quality between the parents' perspective and the primary school students' perspective. Then it discusses the intermediary effect of pupils' perception of parental marriage on the formation of pupils' positive psychological quality. In the first study, 567 pupils in grade 4, 5 and 63 were selected as subjects to explore the reliability and validity of the questionnaire and its applicability in the group of senior primary school students; the second study was based on study 1. 551 senior students in primary school and 551 parents were taken as subjects, and three questionnaires were used as tools: the questionnaire of students' perception of parental marriage, the questionnaire of Chinese marital quality and the questionnaire of positive psychological quality of primary school students. The marital quality of the parents of the senior grade students in primary school and the general situation of the positive psychological quality of the students in the upper grade of primary school were investigated from different aspects. The positive psychological quality of primary school students is predicted by the perceived marital quality of primary school students by the questionnaire of parents' marital perception. Finally, By using the structural equation model, the intermediary effect of parents' marital quality on pupils' positive psychological quality through their marriage perception was studied. The results showed that the revised questionnaire of marriage perception of senior primary school students met the requirements of psychometrics and had good reliability and validity. The questionnaire consists of five dimensions of co-existence, emotional expression, separation tendency, consistency of opinion and conflict phenomenon) there are significant grade differences in the development of positive psychological quality of primary school students. The development level of positive psychological quality in grade 4 is higher than that in grade 5 and 6. In terms of gender, the creativity quality of boys is higher than that of girls, and the love and tolerance of girls is more prominent than that of boys (3) the order of the average of the six virtues is emotion, will, self-discipline, transcendence, profit, etc. (4) there was a significant positive correlation between parents' marriage perception and pupils' positive psychological quality. If pupils perceived a higher marriage level, the corresponding pupils' positive psychological qualities would be better. Perception of good marital quality is conducive to the formation of pupils' positive psychological quality, whereas pupils tend to form negative psychological qualities. (5) Primary school students' marriage perception is an intermediary variable between parents' marriage quality and pupils' positive psychological quality.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

【参考文献】