河北省某医科大学新生心理健康状况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 17:22

本文选题：大学新生 + 心理健康　；参考：《河北医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:了解河北省某医科大学新生心理健康现状,深入探讨影响其心理健康的主要因素,为进一步开展心理健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法:1采用整群抽样的方法,以班级为单位,抽取河北省某医科大学和省内某理工科大学5739名本科生进行现场问卷调查。调查问卷由症状自评量表(SCL-90)、自编影响因素问卷、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)成人版组成。2应用Epidata3.1软件录入数据、SPSS21.0软件统计分析数据,方法包括统计描述、t检验、方差分析、卡方检验、logistic回归分析、多元线性回归等。结果:1河北某医科大学新生SCL-90总分平均值为146.60±40.61;新生中有964人总分160分,占22.61%;总均分在2分以上有799人,占18.74%;总均分在3分以上有42人,占0.98%;按照任一因子分≥3分,则有心理健康问题的判断标准,543名新生有心理健康问题,占12.73%;新生存在的心理健康问题大部分处于轻度水平,在强迫症状、人际关系敏感上存在问题的人数最多;强迫症状(8.77%)和人际关系敏感(5.93%)因子的阳性检出率最高;2河北省某医科大学新生各因子得分均低于全国大学生常模(P0.05);除敌对和恐怖外,各因子得分高于全国青年常模(P0.01);强迫症状、人际关系敏感、焦虑、精神病性因子得分高于本校非大一新生(P0.05),敌对因子得分低于本校非大一新生(P0.01);强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、偏执因子得分高于省内某理工科大学新生(P0.05);敌对因子得分低于省内某理工科大学新生(P0.05);躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖因子得分高于省外某理工科大学新生(P0.05);人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分低于省外某理工科大学新生(P0.01);3个体因素中性别、恋爱经历、睡眠质量、身体状况、对自己外貌的在意程度、自卑感、心里不平衡、社交能力可能影响大学新生的心理健康;学校因素中所学专业和理想是否一致、中学是否组织心理健康教育活动、心理健康教育活动的质量、中学的学习成绩、中学老师的教学水平和品德可能影响大学新生的心理健康;家庭因素中家庭所在地、是否独生、母亲的健康状况、父亲的健康状况、与家庭成员的关系、对父亲的总体评价、对母亲的总体评价可能影响大学新生的心理健康;logistics回归分析得出可能影响大学新生心理健康的主要因素有:性别、恋爱经历、睡眠质量、身体状况、对自己外貌的在意程度、自卑感、心里不平衡、社交能力、中学的学习成绩、所学专业和理想是否一致、母亲的健康状况;4艾森克人格因子中的精神质、神经质因子与SCL-90各症状显著正相关,内外向、掩饰性与SCL-90各症状显著负相关;艾森克人格因子对心理症状的影响能力由强到弱依次为抑郁、人际关系敏感、焦虑、强迫症状、敌对、精神病性、偏执、恐怖、躯体化;不同心理症状症状与艾森克人格各因子的回归分析发现,神经质进入全部回归模型,并且偏回归系数值均为最高。结论:1河北某医科大学新生的心理健康状况相对比较好,存在的心理健康问题大部分处于轻度水平,主要的心理症状是强迫症状和人际关系敏感,敌对因子得分较低。2性别、对自己外貌的在意程度、身体状况、睡眠质量、自卑感、心里不平衡、社交能力、母亲的健康状况、中学的学习成绩、所学专业和理想是否一致、恋爱经历因素可能是影响大学新生心理健康的主要因素。3艾森克人格因子与心理健康关系密切,人格因子对大学新生抑郁症状影响最大,神经质对心理症状有良好的预测。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the mental health status of Freshmen in a Medical University in Hebei Province, and to explore the main factors affecting their mental health, and to provide reference for further development of mental health education. Methods: 1 a group sampling method was adopted and 5739 undergraduates in a Medical University in Hebei province and a University of science and Engineering in the province were selected as a unit. The questionnaire was conducted by the students. The questionnaire was composed of symptom checklist (SCL-90), self compiled questionnaire, and the adult version of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was composed of.2 application Epidata3.1 software input data and SPSS21.0 software statistical analysis data, including statistical description, t test, variance analysis, chi square test, logistic regression analysis, multiple linear regression analysis. Results: 1 the total score of the total score of SCL-90 in a Medical University in Hebei was 146.60 + 40.61, and 964 in the freshmen were 160, accounting for 22.61%; the total average score was 799, accounting for 18.74%; the total average score was 42 in 3, accounting for 0.98%. According to the score of any factor more than 3, there were mental health criteria and mental health of freshmen. Health problems accounted for 12.73%. Most of the mental health problems of the freshmen were at the mild level. The number of people with problems in compulsive symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity was the most, and the positive rate of compulsive symptoms (8.77%) and interpersonal sensitivity (5.93%) factor was the highest. 2 the scores of all the freshmen in a Medical University in Hebei province were all lower than those of the national college students. The score of each factor was higher than that of the National Youth norm (P0.01) except for hostility and terror; the scores of compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and psychosis were higher than that of non freshmen (P0.05) in our school. The scores of hostile factors were lower than that of non freshmen in our school (P0.01), and the scores of compulsive symptoms, anxiety, terror and paranoia were higher than that of some physical workers in the province. College freshmen (P0.05); the score of hostile factors was lower than a freshman in a science and Engineering University (P0.05); the scores of somatization, compulsion, anxiety, and terror were higher than that of a college freshman (P0.05) outside the province; the scores of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, paranoia, and psychotic factors were lower than those of a college freshman (P0.01) outside the province; 3 individual factors. Gender, love experience, sleep quality, physical condition, the degree of attention to their appearance, inferiority complex, imbalance in heart, social ability may affect the mental health of freshmen; whether the school factors are consistent with the professional and ideal, whether the middle school organized mental health education activities, the quality of mental health education activities, middle school learning. The teaching level and moral character of the middle school teachers may affect the mental health of the freshmen; the family location, the single birth, the health of the mother, the health of the father, the relationship with the family members, the overall evaluation of the father, the overall evaluation of the mother may affect the mental health of the freshmen; logistics The main factors that may affect the mental health of the freshmen are: sex, love experience, sleep quality, physical condition, the degree of concern to one's own appearance, inferiority, unbalance, social ability, academic achievement in middle school, the consistency of the professional and ideal, the health of the mother, and the spirit of the 4 Eysenck personality factor. Quality and neuroticism were positively correlated with the symptoms of SCL-90, inside and outside, concealment was negatively correlated with the symptoms of SCL-90, and the influence ability of Eysenck personality factor on psychological symptoms was depression, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, compulsion, hostility, psychosis, paranoia, horror, somatization; different symptoms of psychological symptoms and AI The regression analysis of various factors of forest personality found that neuroticism entered all regression models, and the values of partial regression lines were the highest. Conclusion: 1 the mental health status of Freshmen in a Medical University in Hebei is relatively good, and most of the mental health problems are at a mild level, and the psychological symptoms are sensitive to compulsive symptoms and interpersonal relationships. The score of the hostile factor is lower than.2 sex, the degree of attention to his appearance, the physical condition, the quality of sleep, the sense of inferiority, the unbalance of the heart, the social ability, the health of the mother, the academic achievement of the middle school, the consistency of the major and the ideal, and the factors which may be the main factor affecting the mental health of the freshmen,.3 Eysenck. Children are closely related to mental health, personality factors have the greatest impact on depression symptoms of college freshmen, and neuroticism has a good prediction of psychological symptoms.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G441

【参考文献】