留守儿童心理安全感、家庭复原力和生命意义感的关系

发布时间：2018-06-01 15:55

本文选题：留守儿童 + 生命意义感　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会的不断转型,出现了许多农村青年外出打工的现象,造成大量农村孩子失去了父母的陪伴。全国妇联关于留守儿童的调查报告中显示2012年我国的留守儿童高达6100万人,这一庞大弱势群体的教育及心理健康问题受到广大人民群众的关注。已有学者大量报告了因为留守儿童处在特殊的环境及年龄阶段中,出现了一系列的心理及行为问题。在2006年以后的十年间留守儿童发生伤亡事件高达239件,仅2010年以后的五年间就发生206起。调查留守儿童的生命意义感,对其健康成长意义重大。本研究的留守儿童是指“儿童父母两人或一人离开家乡出去工作,儿童与父母分离时间高达六个月,年龄小于17周岁。”量化研究中的调查对象来自四川省富顺县与安徽省涡阳县部分乡镇学校,被试就读于3-8年级,年龄大多分布在8-15岁之间。采用生命意义感量表、家庭复原力问卷、心理安全感量表对被试进行施测。本研究的目的是了解留守儿童的生命意义感、心理安全感的现状,以及探讨心理安全感、家庭复原力与生命意义感的关系。在量化研究基础上对8名留守学生、4名老师、2名校长进行关于留守儿童生命意义感的半结构化访谈。通过SPSS19.0、AMOS17.0对数据进行分析。分析结果表明:1.留守儿童生命意义感水平较低,尤其是对生命的热诚、生活目标和积极性三个维度。2.儿童留守与否对生命意义感总分及其各维度影响显著。3.留守儿童的心理安全感与生命意义感,家庭复原力与生命意义感,心理安全感和家庭复原力均呈现显著正相关。4.心理安全感可以直接对生命意义感产生影响,也可以通过家庭复原力间接对生命意义感产生影响。家庭复原力在心理安全感和生命意义感之间起着部分中介作用,其模型的解释率为23.3%。5.留守儿童的性别、首留年龄段、留守时间长短对生命意义感的影响较小,但在是否独生、父母外出类型、联系频率、抚养者文化程度方面存在显著差异,其中与父亲在家的留守儿童生命意义感得分最低。经常与父母联系的留守儿童,其生命意义感水平越高。生命意义感水平越高的留守儿童,其父母和抚养者受教育水平越高。6.留守儿童的人际安全感能够显著预测生命意义感,留守儿童家庭信念在人际安全感和生命意义感之间起到部分中介作用。7.非留守儿童的人际安全感能够显著预测生命意义感,非留守儿童的亲密和谐、合作协调在人际安全感和生命意义感之间部分中介作用显著。
[Abstract]:With the continuous transformation of our society, many rural youth go out to work, resulting in a large number of rural children lost their parents accompanied. According to the survey report of the All-China Women's Federation on left-behind children, the number of left-behind children in China reached 61 million in 2012. The education and mental health problems of this huge vulnerable group have attracted the attention of the broad masses of the people. Some scholars have reported a series of psychological and behavioral problems due to the special environment and age of left-behind children. There were 239 casualties among children left behind in the decade after 2006, and 206 in the five years after 2010 alone. Investigating the sense of life significance of left-behind children is of great significance to their healthy growth. Children left behind in this study refer to "two or one of the parents left home to work, children separated from their parents for up to six months, under the age of 17 years old." The subjects in the quantitative study were selected from some township schools in Fushun County of Sichuan Province and part of Township Schools in Wubang County of Anhui Province. The subjects studied in grades 3-8 were mostly between 8-15 years old. Life sense scale, family resilience questionnaire and psychological security scale were used to test the subjects. The purpose of this study was to understand the sense of life meaning and the present situation of psychological security of left-behind children, and to explore the relationship between psychological security, family resilience and sense of meaning of life. On the basis of quantitative study, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 8 left-behind students and 4 teachers and 2 principals on the sense of life significance of left-behind children. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 Amos 17.0. The result of analysis shows that 1: 1. The level of life sense of left-behind children is low, especially the enthusiasm for life, life goal and enthusiasm. 2. Children left behind or not have a significant impact on the total score of life sense and its dimensions. 3. Psychological security and life sense of left-behind children, family resilience and sense of life meaning, psychological security and family resilience showed significant positive correlation. 4. The sense of psychological security can directly affect the sense of meaning of life, or indirectly affect the sense of meaning of life through family resilience. Family resilience plays an intermediary role between psychological security and sense of meaning of life, and the explanation rate of the model is 23.3. 5. The sex, age of first stay, length of stay time had little influence on the sense of life meaning, but there were significant differences in whether the only child, the type of parents going out, the frequency of contact, and the education level of the foster. Among them, children who stayed at home with their father had the lowest sense of life significance. The level of sense of life of left-behind children who often contact their parents is higher. The higher the level of sense of life, the higher the education level of parents and caregivers. The interpersonal security of left-behind children can significantly predict the sense of meaning of life, and the family beliefs of left-behind children play a part of intermediary role between interpersonal security and sense of meaning of life. The interpersonal security of non-left-behind children can significantly predict the sense of meaning of life, the intimacy and harmony of non-left-behind children, and cooperation and coordination play an important role in the intermediary between interpersonal security and sense of meaning of life.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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