教育财政投入能否有效降低教育结果不平等——基于中国教育追踪调查数据的分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 14:55

本文选题：教育财政投入 + 教育公平　；参考：《教育研究》2017年07期

【摘要】：基于中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)2013—2014年基线数据,从教育公平的视角考察和分析教育财政投入对学生学业成就及教育结果不平等的影响。研究发现,在控制了学生家庭背景和学校特征的情况下,生均公用经费对学生标准化测试成绩的影响呈倒"U型"结构,生均公用经费的正向效应在经济发展水平较低的农村更加显著,而且生均公用经费的提高显著降低了家庭经济收入对学生学业成就的影响,从而起到降低教育结果不平等的作用。县区学校对本县区学生免除书本费、提供免费午餐、为贫困生提供补助对于缩小学校间学生学业成就差距扩大均有补差效应。基于此,促进教育公平优质发展的政策重点是综合考虑学生家庭背景及学校特征因素,制定公平、科学的教育财政政策,调节学校各类资源分配比例,逐步提高义务教育学校生均公用经费基准,面向家庭经济困难学生扩大财政对免费午餐和贫困生的补助范围,加大教育财政资源向办学条件薄弱的农村学校倾斜投入。
[Abstract]:Based on the baseline data of China Education tracking Survey (CEPS) for 2013-2014, this paper examines and analyzes the impact of financial investment in education on students' academic achievement and inequality in educational outcomes from the perspective of educational equity. The study found that under the condition of controlling the students' family background and school characteristics, the influence of public funds on the students' standardized test results was inverted "U-shaped" structure. The positive effect of public funds per student is more significant in the rural areas with lower level of economic development, and the increase of public funds per student significantly reduces the impact of family income on students' academic achievement. Thus play a role in reducing inequality in educational outcomes. The county and district schools exempt the students from the book fee, provide free lunch, and provide subsidies to poor students to narrow the gap between the students' academic achievement. Based on this, the policy of promoting the development of educational equity and quality is to take into account the students' family background and school characteristics, formulate fair and scientific educational financial policies, and adjust the proportion of resources allocated in schools. We should gradually raise the standard of public funding for students in compulsory education schools, expand the range of financial subsidies for free lunches and poor students for students with financial difficulties, and increase the investment of financial resources in education towards rural schools with weak conditions for running schools.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学教育学部教育经济研究所;华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院;
【基金】：全国教育科学“十二五”规划国家青年课题“转型改革背景下的教育投资收益与风险评估研究”(课题批准号:CFA140139)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：G526.7

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