社会排斥情境下注意焦点对大学生需要威胁的影响

发布时间：2018-06-27 18:19

本文选题：注意焦点 + 社会排斥　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会排斥被定义为被忽视和被排斥在外,是一种普遍且复杂的社会现象。社会排斥会导致个体基本需要(归属需要、自尊需要、控制需要和存在的意义感)的降低,但社会排斥对个体的影响是因人而异的。本文通过两个研究,检验注意焦点对维持社会排斥负面影响的作用。在研究一中,共108名有效被试,随机分为四组:OST-SFA自我关注排斥组(52人),OST-EFA外部关注排斥组(15人),INC-SFA自我关注接纳组(24人),INC-EFA外部关注接纳组(17人)。通过Cyberball程序将被试分为排斥和接纳两种情境并随即完成post-Cyberball中文版问卷1,随后被试进入一段时间的延迟期,在延迟期被试回答四个问题,这四个问题将被试分为注意对内和注意对外组,最后完成post-Cyberball中文版问卷2测量被试的需要威胁程度。研究一结果显示在迟期中,注意焦点对需要威胁的持续没有影响。然而,自我关注排斥组被试的事后分析结果显示:在延迟期进行重新评价的被试比没有进行重新评价的被试需要威胁恢复地更快。研究一结果表明社会排斥会造成个体基本需要受到威胁;注意焦点对社会排斥的影响是双面的,个体只有进行自发的重新评价时,注意焦点才能有助于个体需要威胁的恢复。基于研究一的结果,在研究二中只有自我关注排斥组,共70名有效被试。实验二中被试完成网络小球范式后填写post-Cyberball中文版问卷1,随后回答四道注意焦点对内操作题目,被试一周后回到实验室完成post-Cyberball中文版问卷2与一系列个体差异量表。研究二结果显示在排斥后的延时期,进行重新评价的个体需要威胁恢复更快。个体差异测量显示未能进行重新评价的被试报告了更多的压力、焦虑和惧怕否定评价。因此,研究结果显示,低焦虑、压力和惧怕否定个体更倾向于进行重新评价,进而能够更快从社会排斥的负面影响中恢复。
[Abstract]:Social exclusion, defined as neglected and excluded, is a universal and complex social phenomenon. Social exclusion can lead to the reduction of individual basic needs (belonging needs, self-esteem needs, control needs and sense of meaning of existence), but the impact of social exclusion on individuals is different from person to person. Through two studies, this paper examines the role of the focus on maintaining the negative impact of social exclusion. In the first study, 108 effective subjects were randomly divided into four groups: OST-SFA self-care rejection group (52 persons) and OST-EFA external attention rejection group (15 patients), and INC-SFA self-care admission group (24 patients) and INC-EFA external attention admission group (17 patients). The subjects were divided into two situations of exclusion and acceptance by Cyberball program and then completed post-Cyberball Chinese version questionnaire 1. Then the subjects entered a period of delay and answered four questions in the delay period. The four questions were divided into two groups: the attention to the internal group and the attention to the external group, and the post-Cyberball questionnaire 2 was completed to measure the degree of need threat. The results of one study showed that the focus had no effect on the persistence of the need threat in the late term. However, the post-event analysis of the self-focused rejection group showed that the participants who re-evaluated in the delayed period needed to recover more quickly than those who did not. The results of one study show that social exclusion will threaten the basic needs of individuals, and the effect of focus on social exclusion is dual. Only when individuals carry out spontaneous re-evaluation, can the focus of attention contribute to the recovery of individual needs threats. Based on the results of study 1, there were only 70 effective subjects in study 2. In experiment 2, after completing the network ball paradigm, the subjects filled out post-Cyberball Chinese version questionnaire 1, and then answered four focused internal operation questions. After one week, the subjects returned to the laboratory to complete post-Cyberball Chinese version questionnaire 2 and a series of individual differences scales. The second study showed that in the delayed period after rejection, the reevaluated individuals needed to recover more quickly. Individual difference measurements showed that participants who failed to reassess reported more negative evaluations of stress, anxiety, and fear. Therefore, the results show that individuals with low anxiety, stress and fear are more likely to reevaluate and recover more quickly from the negative effects of social exclusion.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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