家长对青少年数字公民养成的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 11:00

本文选题：数字公民 + 数字公民教育　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着数字公民教育对培养青少年数字化生存能力的意义日益突出,世界各国教育界学者们和众多组织纷纷加入基于学校环境的相关研究,但对家庭层面的关注甚少。本研究首先通过文献分析法对数字公民核心要素和数字公民教育的研究现状进行了综述,并概括了青少年数字化成长的家庭影响研究,基于已有研究提取出四个可能会影响青少年数字公民养成的关键因素:家长的计算机使用经验、家长的互联网态度和家长的计算机自我效能,以及亲子沟通情况。然后,选取我国华中地区三所初中一年级的青少年和家长作为调研对象,采用调查问卷法在这三所学校中随机取样,最终获得397份家长和青少年一一匹配的有效问卷样本。接着,运用SPSS软件对所得数据进行了如下分析和检验:对青少年数字公民养成进行总体性统计描述分析,对不同性别的青少年数字公民养成数据进行独立样本T检验,对不同计算机使用经验的青少年数字公民养成数据进行方差分析(Analysis of Variance,ANOVA);以及对家长的计算机使用经验数据进行多变量方差分析(Multivariate Analysis of Variance,MANOVA),对家长的互联网态度和计算机自我效能数据进行统计分析和皮尔逊相关系数(PearsonCorrelationCoefficient,PCC)分析；对家长与青少年的沟通频次、方式和目的数据分别进行ANOVA分析。依据本研究的问卷调查数据及相关分析,本研究的主要结论如下:(1)青少年数字公民养成较好,尤其是在数字安全、数字商务和数字礼仪方面。并且,男生和女生的数字公民养成在总体上呈现出显著性差异,且女生略高于男生;计算机不同的已使用年长和每日不同使用时长的青少年数字公民养成存在显著性差异,计算机已使用年长与数字公民养成基本呈正比关系。(2)家长的互联网态度和计算机自我效能会影响青少年数字公民养成,但家长的计算机使用经验与青少年数字公民养成不相关。另外,家长的互联网态度与青少年的数字权责和数字安全呈现较高的相关性,家长的计算机自我效能与青少年的数字健康和数字礼仪呈现较高的相关性。(3)青少年普遍与家长有较为频繁的交流。另外,与家长不同沟通频率和青少年数字公民养成存在显著性差异,且和家长聊天的频率与青少年数字公民养成受到来自家庭的影响成正比。与家长不同的沟通方式与青少年数字公民养成存在显著性差异,相对轻松的沟通方式对青少年数字公民养成影响更大。与家长不同的沟通目的会影响青少年数字公民养成,越是谈论与计算机和互联网相关的问题,其均值越高。最后,依据上述研究结论提出了三条具体的可操作性的建议,即提高家长的互联网态度和计算机自我效能、促进家长与青少年沟通方式的恰当性以及建立良好的家庭氛围,以期能够为数字公民教育未来的发展和相关研究提供方向。
[Abstract]:With the increasing significance of digital civic education in cultivating the digital survival ability of young people, scholars and many organizations from all over the world have joined the related research based on the school environment, but little attention has been paid to the family level. In this study, the core elements of digital citizenship and the status quo of digital civic education are reviewed by literature analysis, and the family impact of digital growth of adolescents is summarized. Based on previous studies, four key factors that may affect the development of digital citizenship for adolescents are extracted: parents' computer experience, parents' Internet attitude and parents' computer self-efficacy, and parent-child communication. Then, the adolescents and parents of the first grade of three junior middle schools in central China were selected as the research objects, and 397 valid samples of parents and adolescents matched one by one were obtained by using the questionnaire method in the three schools. Then, using SPSS software, the data are analyzed and tested as follows: the overall statistical description and analysis of the formation of digital citizens of adolescents, and the independent sample T test of the data of digital citizens of different genders. The (Analysis of Variance ANOVA is used to analyze the data of adolescents' digital citizenship with different computer use experience, and the multivariate Analysis of variance of the experience data of parents' computer use is carried out, and the attitude and calculation of parents to the Internet are also discussed. Computer self-efficacy data were analyzed statistically and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC). ANOVA was used to analyze the frequency, mode and purpose of communication between parents and adolescents. According to the questionnaire survey data and related analysis, the main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Young people develop better digital citizens, especially in digital security, digital commerce and digital etiquette. In addition, there was significant difference between boys and girls in the development of digital citizenship, and girls were slightly higher than boys, and there were significant differences in digital citizenship cultivation among adolescents who had used computers for different ages and different periods of time each day. (2) the Internet attitude and computer self-efficacy of parents will affect the formation of digital citizens, but the computer experience of parents is not related to the formation of digital citizens. In addition, there is a high correlation between parents' Internet attitude and the digital rights, responsibilities and digital security of teenagers. There is a high correlation between parents' computer self-efficacy and digital health and digital etiquette. (3) adolescents generally communicate with their parents more frequently. In addition, there were significant differences in the frequency of communication with parents and the formation of digital citizens, and the frequency of chatting with parents was directly proportional to the influence of the family on the formation of digital citizens. There are significant differences between the different communication ways and the young people's digital citizenship cultivation, and the relatively relaxed communication mode has a greater impact on the teenagers' digital citizenship cultivation. Different aims of communication with parents will affect the formation of digital citizens. The more we talk about problems related to computers and the Internet, the higher the average value is. Finally, according to the above conclusions, three specific operable suggestions are put forward, that is, to improve parents' Internet attitude and computer self-efficacy, to promote the appropriateness of communication between parents and adolescents, and to establish a good family atmosphere. In order to provide a direction for the future development of digital citizenship education and related research.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G434

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