基于PAR平台与跨媒体的算法程序设计在线教学研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 10:15

【摘要】：在信息时代,高新技术创新能力已经成为衡量一个国家核心竞争力的重要指标。计算思维作为创新型人才的核心素养之一,已经在工业、艺术、商务等领域发挥了重要的作用。初高级中学通过安排编程课程可以帮助学生在实践中理解并掌握计算思维。但是目前流行在线编程课程与教材均没有清晰明了地讲清程序设计原理。对于一些精巧算法的由来,学生只能通过教材给出的可执行代码自行理解。而薛锦云教授提出的便捷算法程序开发方法(PAR方法)能够清晰地阐述精巧程序的产生过程。本文以本实验室自主研发的便捷模型驱动软件开发平台(PAR平台)与跨媒体组合技术为基础,将PAR方法相关内容设计扩展为算法程序设计在线教学平台,教会学生学习运用PAR方法,并推导算法从提出问题到最终运行可执行程序的整个过程。本文通过认真分析研究PAR方法与跨媒体技术相关特点与功能,并以PAR平台为基础,将PAR方法与算法程序设计课程相结合。针对各个教学环节的学习特点,将“名师授道”视频教学资源与PAR平台Apla算法程序转换运行功能以Web服务的形式组合为跨媒体的算法知识结构。学生可以通过请求多媒体教学资源学习如何运用PAR方法一步一步地解决算法问题。然后本文以PAR方法解决“立方和”算法问题课程为例,模拟学生如何使用在线教学平台学习PAR方法解决精巧的算法问题并手动编写运行算法程序,最终通过模拟学生进行算法学习评测《算法程序设计》教学的学习效果。本文的主要创新点如下:(1)从教学内容上来看,当前算法程序设计课程教学中,没有哪种算法教学方法可以完全讲清楚精巧算法的由来。而PAR方法通过分划子问题,找出递推关系,最终构建循环不变式与算法的问题求解方式,可以很方便地向学生讲清楚算法的由来以及算法的本质。本课题将PAR方法相关知识点提炼整理为算法设计课程,依托PAR平台进行算法程序设计在线教学,使学生系统地学习掌握了最先进的算法程序设计方法。(2)针对算法设计课程学习复杂,教师授课水平参差不齐的问题。本课题通过直接录制剪辑PAR方法提出人薛锦云教授的课程讲解视频。将名师讲解课程按照课程学习流程剪辑处理,最终以Web服务的方式向学生提供“名师授道”教学视频。为每个学生提供最准确与透彻的算法程序设计课程讲解。(3)与国内外流行的MOOC在线教学单纯以课程录播不同,通过跨媒体组合技术构成的课程拥有更多数量与种类的多媒体教学资源。所有的教学资源以Web服务的方式进行组合,形成符合当今学生的学习与认知规律的跨媒体知识点。而将PAR平台以Web服务的方式转换为PAR平台在线编程模块能够锻炼学生的动手能力并鼓励学生自主学习,主动编写课程讲解已有的算法或根据所学知识创造新算法。达到举一反三的教学目的。
[Abstract]:In the information age, the ability of high-tech innovation has become an important index to measure a country's core competitiveness. As one of the core qualities of creative talents, computational thinking has played an important role in the fields of industry, art, commerce and so on. Junior high school can help students to understand and master computational thinking in practice by arranging programming courses. But at present, the popular online programming courses and textbooks are not clear about the principles of program design. For the origin of some sophisticated algorithms, students can only understand through the executable code given in the textbook. The convenient algorithm programming method (par method) proposed by Professor Xue Jinyun can clearly explain the process of producing sophisticated programs. Based on the convenient model-driven software development platform (par platform) developed by our laboratory and cross-media combination technology, this paper extends the content design of par method to an online teaching platform for algorithmic programming. It teaches students how to use par method, and deduces the whole process of the algorithm from posing the problem to running the executable program. This paper analyzes and studies the features and functions of par method and cross-media technology, and combines par method with algorithmic programming course on the basis of par platform. According to the learning characteristics of each teaching link, the conversion and running function of the "famous teacher teaching" video teaching resources and the Apla algorithm program of par platform are combined into cross-media algorithm knowledge structure in the form of web services. By requesting multimedia teaching resources, students can learn how to use par method to solve the algorithm step by step. Then this paper takes par method to solve "cubic sum" algorithm problem as an example, simulates how students use online teaching platform to learn how to use par method to solve sophisticated algorithm problems and to manually write algorithm program. Finally, the learning effect of algorithm programming is evaluated by simulating students. The main innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) from the point of view of the teaching content, there is no teaching method in the current course of algorithm programming, which can completely explain the origin of the sophisticated algorithm. The par method can find out the recursion relation by dividing the sub-problem, and finally construct the loop invariant and the solution of the algorithm, which can explain the origin of the algorithm and the essence of the algorithm to the students very conveniently. This topic abstracts the relevant knowledge points of par method into the course of algorithm design, and carries on the online teaching of algorithm programming based on par platform. It makes the students master the most advanced algorithm programming method systematically. (2) aiming at the problem that the learning of the algorithm design course is complicated and the teaching level of the teacher is not uniform. In this paper, the direct recording of par method proposed by Professor Xue Jinyun to explain the course video. The famous teacher's instruction course is edited and processed according to the course learning process, and finally the "famous teacher's teaching video" is provided to the students by the way of Web service. To provide each student with the most accurate and thorough explanation of the algorithm programming course. (3) different from the popular MOOC online teaching at home and abroad, the course is simply recorded and broadcast. Courses composed of cross-media combination technology have more multimedia teaching resources. All teaching resources are combined with Web services to form cross-media knowledge points that conform to the learning and cognitive laws of students today. Converting par platform into online programming module of par platform by Web service can train students' hands-on ability and encourage students to study independently, and write courses to explain existing algorithms or create new algorithms according to the knowledge learned. The purpose of teaching is to draw a lesson from one another.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP311.1-4;G434

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