高年级小学生同伴关系对学校归属感影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 06:55

【摘要】：学校归属感(School Belonging)是指学生对所在学校的认同和投入,愿意融入学校生活与同伴成为一个整体并且承担相应义务与责任的一种情感。良好的同伴关系有利于学生形成高水平的学校归属感,对增强小学生学习积极性、促进小学生身心健康发展有重要的影响。本研究采用《小学生学校归属感量表》以及《儿童青少年同伴关系量表》对南昌市某小学五六年级共513名被试进行调查;从五年级一个班级的被试中抽取同伴关系较差的28名学生分为实验组和控制组,对实验组14名学生进行为期8次的人际关系团体辅导干预,对控制组14名学生不做干预,研究结论如下:1.高年级小学生的同伴关系男生显著差于女生。学校归属感水平在人口学变量方面呈现差异:女生显著高于男生,五年级显著高于六年级,非独生子女显著高于独生子女。2.高年级小学生的同伴关系与学校归属感呈显著相关,同伴关系良好者其学校归属感水平也较高。高水平的同伴关系可以有效预测高水平的学校归属感。3.团体心理辅导可以提升学生的自信,改变以自我为中心思维模式,改善高年级小学生的同伴关系,进而有效提升学校归属感。4.改善小学生同伴关系,提升其学校归属感,需从学校、家庭、小学生自身三个方面着手。学校要加强校园文化建设,增强校园凝聚力;家庭积极营造良好氛围,重视孩子交往能力的提高;小学高年级学生努力形成正确的自我认知,积极融入团体。
[Abstract]:School belonging (School Belonging) is a kind of emotion that students are willing to integrate into the school life and their peers to become a whole and undertake the corresponding obligations and responsibilities. Good peer relationship is conducive to the formation of a high level of school sense of belonging, to enhance the enthusiasm of pupils to learn, to promote the development of pupils' physical and mental health has an important impact. In this study, 513 students in grade 5 and 6 of a primary school in Nanchang were investigated with the School belonging scale for pupils and Peer relationship scale for Children and adolescents. Twenty-eight students with poor peer relationship were divided into experimental group and control group. Fourteen students in the experimental group were treated with interpersonal relationship group counseling for 8 times, and 14 students in control group were not intervened. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The peer relationship of senior pupils is inferior to that of girls. There were significant differences in the level of school sense of belonging in demographic variables: girls were significantly higher than boys, grade five was significantly higher than grade six, non-only children were significantly higher than only children. There was a significant correlation between peer relationship and school sense of belonging, and the school sense of belonging was also higher in those with good peer relationship. A high level of peer relationship can effectively predict a high level of school belonging. 3. 3. Group psychological counseling can improve students' self-confidence, change the self-centered thinking mode, improve the peer relationship of senior pupils, and then effectively enhance the sense of belonging. 4. To improve the peer relationship and sense of belonging, we should start from three aspects: school, family and pupils themselves. Schools should strengthen the construction of campus culture, strengthen campus cohesion; families actively create a good atmosphere, attach importance to the improvement of children's ability to communicate; the primary school senior students strive to form the correct self-cognition, actively integrate into the group.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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