不同来源的预期情绪对青少年公平决策的影响

发布时间：2019-07-08 15:51

【摘要】：日常生活中分配行为比比皆是,实验室的诸多研究也涉及到分配行为,近几十年来,行为经济学家认为人类的分配行为并非完全自私自利,追求公平是进步的社会价值取向,也是人类历史上的不懈追求。在行为经济学研究中,情绪被认为在分配决策中起着重要作用。以往有关情绪对分配决策影响的研究主要集中在即时情绪和决策后的情绪对个体的公平行为和公平感的影响上,而很少有研究考察预期情绪与公平行为之间的关系,并且,大多研究考察的公平类型只包括公平与不公平两类,较少将不公平行为细分为是对自己还是对方更不公平。因此,本研究以高中生为被试,采用最后通牒博弈范式作为基本任务,并使用两种不同的预期情绪诱导方法,探讨预期情绪在不同行为情境下与公平决策的关系。本研究共包括两个实验,旨在探索预期情绪是否会对公平决策产生影响,以及这种影响是否会因预期情绪的不同来源而具有特异性。实验一采用最后通牒博弈范式,探讨来源于自我想象的预期情绪是否能影响个体分配行为;实验二采用同样的实验范式,探讨他人示范所产生的预期情绪对个体分配行为的影响。通过以上两个实验的研究,本研究得出如下结论:(1)我国青少年的分配行为基本公平,不符合完全经济人假设,且不存在性别差异;(2)与对公平表现预期感到后悔的被试相比,预期感到愉悦的被试会分给应答者更多的金额;对利己不公平表现预期感到愉悦的被试比对预期感到后悔的被试分给应答者更少的金额;(3)他人在公平分配后表现出后悔比表现出愉悦会使被试分配给应答者更少的金额;他人在利己不公平分配后感到后悔比感到愉悦会使被试分配给应答者更多的金额;他人在利他不公平分配后表现出愉悦比表现出后悔会使被试分配更多的金额给应答者。
文内图片：

图片说明：不同行为情境和预期情绪下被试的分配均值图
[Abstract]:In the daily life, the distribution behavior is more and more common. The research of the laboratory also involves the distribution behavior. In recent decades, the behavior economists believe that the distribution behavior of the human is not completely self-interest, the pursuit of equity is the social value orientation of the progress, and the untiring pursuit in the human history. In behavioral economics, emotion is thought to play an important role in the allocation of decision-making. In the past, the research on the influence of emotion on the distribution decision-making mainly focuses on the influence of the emotion and the emotion on the individual's fair behavior and the sense of fairness, and the relationship between the expected emotion and the fair behavior is seldom studied, and, Most of the study's fair types include only the fair and the unfair, and the lower-general unfair behavior is divided into whether to be more unfair to himself or the other party. Therefore, this study uses the ultimatum game paradigm as the basic task for high school students, and uses two different expected emotion-inducing methods to explore the relationship between the expected emotion and the fair decision-making in different behavior situations. The study included two experiments designed to explore whether the expected mood would have an impact on fair decision-making, and whether the impact would be specific to the different sources of the expected mood. In this paper, an ultimatum game model is used to explore whether the expected emotion derived from self-imagination can affect the individual's distribution behavior, and the experiment 2 uses the same experimental paradigm to explore the effect of the expected emotion generated by other people on the individual's distribution behavior. Through the research of the above two experiments, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The distribution behavior of the young people in China is basically fair, does not accord with the assumption of the full economic person, and there is no gender difference; (2) compared with the test that the fair performance is expected to regret, it is expected that a pleasant test will be given to the responder for more money; the expected feeling of unfairness of the self-interest is expected to be less than the amount that is expected to be less than expected to be given to the responder; (3) Other people, after the fair distribution, show that the regret is less than that of the person who is being tried to be allocated to the responder; others feel that the regret ratio after the fair distribution of the others will make the trial be allocated more amount to the responder; Other people show pleasure than performance after he's not fair, and it will make the trial allocate more money to the responder.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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