家庭教养方式对农村留守儿童心理健康的影响

发布时间：2018-11-05 09:16

【摘要】：本研究根据现代留守儿童存在的实际问题和以往研究存在的不足，使用MHT和EMBU及自编留守儿童生活状况调查表对留守儿童的家庭教养方式和心理健康进行了调查，旨在考察留守儿童的家庭教养方式和心理问题及二者的关系。随机抽取了江西省的6所农村中学和4所农村小学，调查学生被试共计1000人，有效被试为813人，对调查数据进行分析后发现：留守儿童所占的比重在全体儿童中最大，尤其是单亲看护人的留守儿童；而且，留守儿童的心理健康状况也显著低于非留守儿童，情况最差的是同辈看护或无看护的留守儿童；曾留守儿童的心理状况也不尽如人意，它与非留守儿童的心理健康差异达到了显著水平，心理焦虑总分只是稍低于留守儿童总体；并且，留守儿童的心理健康同样存在着性别、年级、独生与否、住宿与否以及父母打工年数的差异；不同看护类型的留守儿童父母教养方式存在着差异，总的来说，非留守儿童积极性的教养方式(如父亲温暖、母亲温暖等)得分要高于留守儿童和曾留守的儿童，而在很多消极性的教养方式如父亲惩罚、干涉，母亲干涉惩罚等等上，留守儿童与曾留守儿童的得分又要显著高于非留守儿童；家庭教养方式对留守儿童焦虑总分的回归方程视儿童的看护类型而定，父母和看护人的一些积极性的抚养行为对儿童的心理健康有着积极的影响，比如情感温暖或者支持温暖等，但是一些消极的比如拒绝等对留守儿童的心理健康就有负面的影响。当然，也有一些抚养方式在某个儿童群体中对心理健康的影响是积极的，但在其他类型的儿童中对心理健康的影响是消极的。
[Abstract]:According to the practical problems of modern left-behind children and the shortcomings of previous studies, this study investigated the family rearing style and mental health of left-behind children by using MHT and EMBU and self-designed questionnaire on their living conditions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the family rearing style and psychological problems of left-behind children and their relationship. Six rural middle schools and four rural primary schools in Jiangxi Province were randomly selected. The total number of students surveyed was 1000, and the effective subjects were 813. After analyzing the survey data, it was found that the proportion of left-behind children was the largest among all the children. (B) in particular, children left behind by single-parent caregivers; Moreover, the mental health status of left-behind children was significantly lower than that of non-left-behind children, the worst of which was the left-behind children with or without peer care. The psychological status of the former left-behind children is not satisfactory, it and non-left-behind children's mental health difference reached a significant level, the total score of psychological anxiety is only slightly lower than the overall left behind children; Moreover, the mental health of left-behind children also has gender, grade, only child or not, accommodation or not, as well as the number of years of parental employment. There were differences in parental rearing styles of left-behind children with different types of care. In general, the positive rearing styles of non-left-behind children (such as warm father, warm mother, etc.) were higher than those of left-behind children and former left-behind children. The scores of left-behind children and former left-behind children were significantly higher than those of non-left-behind children in many negative rearing ways such as father punishment, interference, mother intervention punishment and so on. The regression equation of the total anxiety score of the left-behind children depends on the nursing type of the children, and some positive upbringing behaviors of the parents and caregivers have a positive effect on the mental health of the children. Such as emotional warmth or support warmth, but some negative, such as rejection, left behind children's mental health has a negative impact. There are, of course, some upbringing patterns that have a positive impact on mental health in one group of children, but negative effects in other types of children.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：B844.1

【引证文献】