家庭环境、父母教养方式与青少年主观幸福感的关系研究

发布时间：2019-03-05 17:54

【摘要】：家庭环境是青少年成长的基础场所,父母教养方式是家庭因素中的关键因素。本研究采用问卷调查法,选取372名学生作为被试进行问卷调查,着重探讨家庭环境、父母教养方式与青少年主观幸福感的关系,对主观幸福感及家庭教育的研究加以补充。研究结果表明： (1)初中生对家庭环境的评价高于高中生；父亲的不同文化程度对家庭环境的和睦性、亲密性存在显著差异,父亲文化程度高的家庭更注重家庭氛围；在家庭环境与性别、母亲文化程度间无显著差异。 (2)父母多采用情感温暖理解的教养方式,但随着年龄的增加,学段的转换,此因子呈现趋于减少的趋势。父亲对男生多采用惩罚严厉、拒绝否认的消极教养方式；父母文化程度高则更多的采用积极的教养方式,文化程度略低的母亲在教养子女方面易采用惩罚的消极教养方式。 (3)本研究中青少年主观幸福感总体水平处于中等偏上。父母关系和谐与否严重影响青少年的主观幸福感。除友谊因子外,初中生较高中生感知到更多的幸福感。父亲文化程度高的青少年对环境、学业幸福感评价较高。但,青少年主观幸福感与母亲学历程度、无关。 (4)家庭环境、父母教养方式与青少年主观幸福感存在显著相关。父母采取积极的教养方式,营造和谐的家庭环境,使青少年获得较高的主观幸福感。回归分析发现,家庭环境中亲密性、沟通性、和睦性、修养性和母亲情感温暖理解、父亲过分干涉的教养方式对青少年主观幸福感具有预测功能,以家庭环境“亲密性”维度的预测力最佳。
[Abstract]:Family environment is the basic place for teenagers to grow up, and parental rearing style is the key factor in family factors. In this study, 372 students were selected as subjects to investigate the relationship between family environment, parental rearing style and adolescents' subjective well-being, and supplement the research on subjective well-being and family education. The results show that: (1) Junior high school students' evaluation of family environment is higher than that of senior high school students; There were significant differences in the rapprochement and intimacy of the family environment between the different educational levels of the father, and the families with higher father's education level paid more attention to the family atmosphere, but there was no significant difference between the family environment and gender, and the educational level of the mother. (2) parents tend to adopt the way of emotional warm understanding, but this factor tends to decrease with the increase of age and the transformation of school segments. Fathers tend to punish boys severely and refuse to deny negative upbringing, while parents with higher education tend to adopt positive upbringing, and mothers with slightly lower education tend to adopt penalized negative upbringing for their children. (3) in this study, the overall level of subjective well-being of adolescents was in the middle-level. The harmonious relationship between parents seriously affects the subjective well-being of adolescents. In addition to friendship factor, junior high school students feel more happiness than high school students. The adolescents with high father education had higher evaluation of environment and academic well-being. However, the subjective well-being of adolescents has nothing to do with the degree of mother's education. (4) there was a significant correlation between subjective well-being and family environment, parental rearing style and adolescents' subjective well-being. Parents adopt positive rearing methods to create a harmonious family environment, so that adolescents get higher subjective well-being. Regression analysis found that intimacy, communication, rapprochement, cultivation and mother's warm understanding in the family environment, and that father's excessive interference in rearing style had predictive function to adolescents' subjective well-being. The predictive power of "intimacy" dimension of family environment is the best.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：B844.2

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