青少年测量估计的特点及其教育干预

发布时间：2018-06-05 23:32

本文选题：测量估计 + 教育干预　；参考：《山东师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 测量估计(measurement estimation,简称为估测)是上世纪七十年代兴起的一个研究热点。研究者通过实验、观察观察等方法对个体估测的发展状况、发展特点等方面进行了大量研究,取得了一定的研究成果,证明了估测能力是一种普遍存在的能力,大多数成人已经在不同程度上掌握了估测技能,并进一步探讨了估测能力的影响因素,划分了几种主要的估测策略,同时也有少量研究者已经进行了部分对估测能力的教育干预研究。但目前为止,不同的研究仍存在一定的分歧,存在一些需进一步探讨的问题,包括估测的性别差异、发展状况、估测策略的自发使用情况等。同时在国内的估测研究相当罕见,尤其是对估测的教育干预研究。为此,本研究拟探讨我国青少年的估测发展状况以及对其进行教育干预的成效。本文共包括两个研究。研究一:使用一系列经过修订的自编长度估计和面积估计的任务对初中、高中、大学各个年级进行测验。目的是考察各年龄段的估测状况、性别差异、学生在不同任务类型、题目形式中的表现差异等。随机抽取一部分学生,进行个人访谈,确定学生自发使用的估测策略情况。研究二:随机抽取初一年级两个班,考察通过为期两个月的教育干预,随后进行后测。目的是考查学生估测能力的提高状况,以及教育干预对不同性别、学业水平的学生的效果是否存在差异。数据采用SPSS12.0处理。得出如下主要研究结果: 1青少年的估测能力普遍较低,在生活中很少使用估测。 2青少年的估测能力在初中阶段会显著提高,但是之后的发展缓慢。 3估测成绩会受到任务和题目形式的影响:对长度的估测好于对面积的估测;对图形题目的估测好于对实际物体的估测。 4估测成绩不会受到性别的影响。在不同的任务类型和题目形式中,男女的估测成绩均没有显著差异。 5经过教育干预,初中生的估测能力得到显著提高。
[Abstract]:Measurement estimation is a hot research topic in 1970s. Through experiments, observations and other methods, researchers have carried out a large number of studies on the development and characteristics of individual estimation, and obtained certain research results, which proves that the ability to estimate is a kind of universal ability. Most adults have mastered the estimation skills to varying degrees, and further explored the factors affecting the ability to estimate, and divided several major estimation strategies. At the same time, a small number of researchers have carried out part of the educational intervention study on the ability to estimate. However, so far, there are still some differences in different studies, and some problems need to be further discussed, including the gender difference in estimation, the status of development, and the spontaneous use of estimation strategies. At the same time, estimation research is rare in China, especially educational intervention research. Therefore, this study aims to explore the evaluation and development of adolescents in China and the effectiveness of educational intervention. Study 1: use a series of revised tasks to estimate the length and area of junior, high, and college grades. The purpose of this study was to investigate the estimated status, gender differences, students' performance differences in different task types and subject forms in different age groups. A part of the students were randomly selected for personal interviews to determine the estimation strategies used spontaneously by the students. Study 2: two classes of grade one were randomly selected, and the two-month education intervention was carried out. The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement of students' ability to estimate and whether there were differences in the effects of educational intervention on students of different genders and academic level. The data were processed by SPSS 12.0. The main results are as follows: (1) the estimation ability of adolescents is generally low, and they are seldom used in life. However, the later development is slow. 3 the performance estimation will be influenced by the task and the form of the topic: the estimation of length is better than the estimation of area, and the estimate of graph problem is better than the estimate of actual object. 4 the estimation of achievement will not be affected by gender. In different task types and subject forms, there was no significant difference between male and female. 5 through education intervention, junior high school students' ability to estimate was improved significantly.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】