青少年文明心理结构及其特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 17:53

本文选题：青少年 + 文明心理　；参考：《西南大学》2007年博士论文

【摘要】： 文明既是人类社会发展进步的标志又是人类社会发展的目标。人类文明在发展过程中不仅形成了物质文明、精神文明等不同形态的现代文明，而且有不同的表现方式。文明在一个民族或特定社会中就会以公认的制度、公德、规范、习俗等表现出来；文明在个体身上就会以符合社会主流文化要求的行为方式(或习惯)表现出来。而个体的文明行为不但受所处社会规范的制约，而且要受主体文明心理特征的驱动。因此，研究人类文明可循两条基本路径：一是从历史—逻辑角度出发，整体把握人类文明的发生发展过程、特点和规律；二是从文明的体现者和承载者—人的行为和心理着手，探索个体文明的形成、发展、具体表现和作用，揭示社会文明与个体文明的相互作用及转化机制。人类对自身文明的关注源远流长，但对文明的科学研究还比较薄弱，虽然人类学家、社会学家和伦理学家早已从历史—逻辑角度对文明进行过不少探讨，但大多囿于从社会群体角度对文明的历史沿革、类型特征和表现及价值的探讨，鲜有从具体人—个体出发对文明心理结构、特征及其影响因素进行系统的研究。因此，植根于中国文化和中华民族文明心理思想的土壤之中，从当代中国青少年文明心理的现状、现代人的素质要求、和谐社会构建需要等实际出发来研究我国当代青少年的文明心理的结构及其特征，是心理科学密切联系社会现实需要，进行中国化研究的一种新的探索和任务，是教育心理学需要研究的现实而迫切的新领域。本研究从从教育心理学视角出发，采用综合化的研究取向，运用人格研究的范式和方法，借鉴文化心理、民族心理的研究方法，综合运用开放式问卷调查、封闭式问卷调查、专家咨询、访谈、随机遭遇法、层次分析法(Analytical Hierarchy Process)、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析等方法，对文明心理的因素结构、青少年文明心理的特征，以及当前青少年文明心理及其特征的影响因素进行了系统探讨。整个研究分为3个部分，主要由7项研究构成，依次涉及青少年文明心理开放式问卷调查、青少年文明心理问卷的编制、青少年文明心理的特点分析、青少年文明心理在各变量上的方差分析、影响青少年文明心理特征发展因素的专家方法研究、影响青少年文明心理特征发展因素的多元回归分析、青少年文明心理形成的访谈研究等等。综合以上研究的结果，得出了如下结论： (1)青少年文明心理是一个多维结构，包括十个基本维度：仁爱、勇义、礼节、智慧、守信、和睦、孝顺、勤俭、互助友爱和生态意识。 (2)自编的《青少年文明心理问卷》(城市版)具有良好的信度和效度。 (3)青少年在文明心理各维度的平均得分大小顺序依次为：孝顺仁爱生态意识守信礼节互助友爱智慧和睦勤俭勇义。 (4)青少年文明心理存在显著的年级差异；在小学阶段，随着年级增高，青少年文明心理的得分逐渐增高；而在中学阶段，则随着年级增高呈下降趋势。 (5)青少年文明心理存在显著的性别差异；在“勤俭”维度上不存在明显性别差异；在“智慧”上，男生显著高于女生；除此之外，在其他各维度以及“整体文明心理”上都表现为女生均显著高于男生。 (6)青少年文明心理的地区差异仅表现在“孝顺”维度上，西南和北方青少年高于华南青少年。 (7)校风班风与青少年文明心理的关系表现为：在校风和班风好的环境中，青少年文明心理的表现优于校风和班风较差的环境的学生。 (8)居住环境对青少年文明心理的影响表现为：学习成绩较好的学生、校风一般(或较好)、父母学历为大专以及家庭结构健全和家庭经济收入中等以上、居住在小区的学生文明心理的表现较好；在校风差、家庭经济收入较低的情况下，居住环境不同的学生之间在文明心理的表现上没有差异。 (9)总的看来，父母受教育水平越高，青少年文明心理水平越高。 (10)家庭结构健全和分居家庭的学生，其文明心理水平显著高于离异家庭的学生。 (11)家庭经济收入中等以上的学生，其文明心理水平较高。综上所述，本研究在以下几个方面有所发展和创新：(1)理论建构和实际调研结合，，初步揭示了青少年文明心理结构。(2)编制了适合中国文化和国情的、符合心理测量学要求的《青少年文明心理问卷》(城市版)，初步解决了青少年文明心理的测量工具问题。(3)系统探讨了青少年文明心理的特征。(4)初步揭示了影响青少年文明心理的因素及其作用机制。以上研究为促进青少年文明心理及行为的养成教育提供了心理学依据。
[Abstract]:Civilization is not only the symbol of human social development progress but also the goal of human social development . In the course of development , human civilization not only formed modern civilization with different forms such as material civilization and spiritual civilization , but also has different manifestations .
As a result , the individual ' s civilization behavior is not only restricted by the social norms , but also driven by the psychological characteristics of the subject civilization . Therefore , the study of human civilization follows two basic paths : first , from the historical - logic angle , the whole grasp of the development process , characteristics and laws of human civilization ;
The second is to explore the formation , development , concrete expression and function of individual civilization , and to reveal the interaction and transformation mechanism between social civilization and individual civilization .

Human beings have long been concerned about their own civilization , but the scientific research on civilization is comparatively weak . Although anthropologists , sociologists and ethics have already discussed the civilization from the historical and logical angles , most of them are limited to the study of the structure , characteristics and influencing factors of civilization from the perspective of social groups . Therefore , it is a new exploration and task of the psychological science that closely links the social reality needs and the research of China . It is a new field that the educational psychology needs to study .

From the perspective of educational psychology , this paper discusses the factors affecting the psychological structure of civilization , the characteristics of the psychological characteristics of the teenagers and the influencing factors of the psychology and characteristics of the youth civilization by using the methods of comprehensive research orientation and personality research . The whole research consists of three parts , mainly composed of seven studies , in turn , it involves the psychological open questionnaire of the youth civilization , the compilation of the youth civilization psychological questionnaire , the characteristic analysis of the psychology of the youth civilization , and the youth civilization psychology .

The analysis of the psychological characteristics of the teenager ' s civilization on each variable , the expert ' s method of influencing the developmental factors of the psychological characteristics of the teenagers ' civilization , the multi - regression analysis of the factors influencing the psychological characteristics of the teenagers ' civilization , the interview study on the formation of the teenagers ' civilization psychology , etc . The results of the above study are summarized as follows :

( 1 ) The youth civilization psychology is a multi - dimensional structure , including ten basic dimensions : benevolence , courage , etiquette , wisdom , trust , harmony , filial piety , frugality , mutual help and ecological consciousness .

( 2 ) The self - compiled youth civilization psychological questionnaire ( city version ) has good reliability and validity .

( 3 ) The order of the average score of the young people in each dimension of the civilization psychology is : filial piety to the ecological consciousness of the ecological consciousness , the mutual help of the love wisdom and the harmony of diligence .

( 4 ) There is a significant grade difference in the psychology of teen civilization ;
At the elementary school stage , with the increase of grade , the scores of teenagers ' civilization psychology gradually increased ;
And in the middle school stage , the trend of decreasing with grade increases .

( 5 ) There is a significant gender difference in the youth civilization ;
There is no obvious sex difference in " diligence " dimension ;
In Wisdom , boys are significantly higher than girls ;
In addition , all the other dimensions and " overall civilized psychology " appeared to be significantly higher than boys .

( 6 ) The regional difference of the youth civilization psychology shows only in the " filial piety " dimension , the southwest and the north teenagers are higher than the South China youth .

( 7 ) The relationship between the school - style and the youth ' s civilization psychology is that in the environment of the school - style and the class - wind , the behavior of the teenagers ' civilization is better than those of the students with poor school - style and bad mood .

( 8 ) The effect of the living environment on the youth civilization psychology is : the students with better learning achievement , the general ( or better ) of the school wind , the college degree and the family structure sound and the family economic income are more than middle , and the students living in the community have better performance ;
There is no difference among students living in different living environment in the performance of civilized psychology under the condition of bad school wind and low family economic income .

( 9 ) Generally speaking , the higher the educational level of parents , the higher the psychological level of the young people ' s civilization .

( 10 ) The family structure is healthy and the students of the family are separated , and the psychological level of their civilization is significantly higher than those of divorced families .

( 11 ) The family economy income is more than middle school students , their civilized psychology level is higher .

In conclusion , the research has been developed and innovated in the following aspects : ( 1 ) the combination of theory construction and actual research , and preliminarily reveals the psychological structure of the youth civilization .
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】