对“新机制”的几点宏观思考

发布时间：2018-11-04 13:07

【摘要】：2005年12月24日,国务院下发(2005)43号文件《国务院关于深化农村义务教育经费保障机制改革的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。《通知》明确指出,我国将按照"明确各级责任、中央地方共担、加大财政投入、提高保障水平、分步组织实施"的基本原则,逐步将农村义务教育全面纳入公共财政保障范围,建立中央和地方分项目、按比例分担的农村义务教育经费保障机制(以下简称"新机制")。在"十一五"规划的五年(2006年—2010年)中,我国将累计投入总额达270亿美元(约合2180亿元人民币)的资金用于全部免除农村义务教育阶段中小学生的学杂费,对贫困家庭学生免费提供教科书,补助贫困寄宿生生活费;提高农村义务教育阶段中小学公用经费保障水平;建立农村义务教育阶段中小学校舍维修改造长效机制;巩固和完善农村中小学教师工资保障机制。"新机制"给我国教育投资体制带来了哪些挑战?对缓解农村中小学办学困难发挥了哪些积极作用?还存在哪些需要改进与完善的地方?为深入探讨相关问题,本刊特编发一组文章,从多个角度切实关注"新机制"下农村义务教育所面临的机遇与挑战。
[Abstract]:On December 24, 2005, the State Council issued document (2005) 43, "the State Council's Circular on deepening the Reform of the funds guarantee Mechanism for Rural compulsory Education" (hereinafter referred to as "the notice >"). In accordance with the basic principle of "defining responsibilities at all levels, sharing responsibilities between the central and local governments, increasing financial input, improving the level of security, and organizing implementation step by step," China will gradually bring rural compulsory education into the scope of public financial security. Establish central and local sub-projects, proportional sharing of rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism (hereinafter referred to as "the new mechanism"). In the five-year plan of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010), China has spent a total of US $27 billion (218 billion yuan) on the exemption of primary and secondary school students from school and miscellaneous expenses in the rural compulsory education stage. Provide free textbooks to students from poor families and subsidize the living expenses of poor boarding students; We will improve the level of public funding guarantee for primary and secondary schools in the stage of compulsory education in rural areas; establish a long-term mechanism for the maintenance and renovation of primary and secondary schools in rural areas; and consolidate and improve the wage guarantee mechanism for teachers in primary and secondary schools in rural areas. " What challenges does the new mechanism bring to China's educational investment system? What positive role has it played in alleviating the difficulties in running schools in rural areas? What else needs to be improved and improved? In order to probe into the related problems, we have published a series of articles to pay close attention to the opportunities and challenges of rural compulsory education under the new mechanism.
【作者单位】：河南信阳职业技术学院社会科学系
【分类号】：G522.3

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