校内考试监控研究
发布时间：2018-11-09 10:47
【摘要】： 本研究始于一个基本假定：良好的考试系统必然是一个平衡的考试系统。这种平衡是借助于多种制度安排实现的，但本文只关注两个方面：(1)平衡绝对离不开制约，平衡的考试实践离不开考试监控，平衡就是考试实践和考试监控之间的平衡。(2)平衡必须满足多个层级(包括国家、地方和学校)对学生学业成就信息的需求，平衡也就是国家教育质量监测、地方高利害考试和校内考试之间的平衡。 基于上述假定，本研究将校内考试监控系统模型的构建作为研究的核心主题，试图通过回答谁来监控，，如何监控，依据什么来监控等三个问题来构建校内考试监控系统模型。从这三个问题分解出来的四个研究主题，重构校内考试监控标准、建立校内考试监控机制、设立独立的考试监控机构、提升教师评估专业素养水平就构成了本论文的主体。 导论。考试只是一种工具，可以成为改革的杠杆或者进步的障碍：要使考试实践促进进步，考试实践就必须加以有效的监控。这一部分也对本研究作了简单界定。 第一章校内考试：地位、价值与问题。当前教育考试管理的一个重要走向就是平衡的考试系统的建立。平衡的一个方面是考试管理层级之间的平衡，即在考试事务上国家、地方和学校的平衡。校内考试在整个考试系统具有独立的地位和价值。当前我国的考试管理权力分配不平衡，校内考试成为外部考试的附庸，且质量低下，因此校内考试监控就成为考试监控题中应有之义。 第二章重构校内考试质量标准。作为以往考试质量标准所基于的心理测量学的一些基本假定根本上不适合于教育评估，而为大规模标准化考试开发的考试质量标准也不适合于校内考试。已有的标准重构实践和理论观点为我们重构校内考试质量标准提供了重要启发，而教育评估发展的两个新趋势——基于标准的评估(Standards-Based Assesssment)和促进学习的评估(Assessment for Learning)——让两个效度概念的重要性得以突现，课程效度和后果效度就成为我们建构校内考试质量标准框架的基础。 第三章建立校内考试监控机制。徒法不足以自行，良好的标准还需要良好的实施，校内考试监控的实施需要相应的制度性工具。历史上主要针对高利害考试的监控实践、美国内布拉斯加州针对学区以及学校层面的考试的监控实践，以及社会公共事务管理其他领域(如消费者保护)的监控实践能够为我们建立校内考试监控系统提供诸多经验和启示。校内考试监控需要的相关机制包括：审议机制、评审机制、申诉机制和报告机制。 第四章设立独立的考试监控机构。校内考试监控有众多合法主体：政府、教师、学校、学生及其家长，乃至于一般公众。从历史看，政府、考试机构、学生作为考试的监控主体都存在一些明显的问题，当前的一个选择是建立独立的考试监控机构。这一趋势自新公共管理运用以来越来越明显。但在我国，单一的独立监控机构的作用有限，一个适当的选择是政府与独立的考试监控机构合作实施校内考试监控。 第五章提升教师的评估专业素养。校内考试监控系统本质上是校内考试质量保证系统，教师(包括学校管理者)是校内考试实践质量的最终决定者，也是校内考试监控的当然主体。由于对教师评估素养在教师专业素养中的地位认识不足，教师教育中评估培训的缺失，以及教师日常评估实践中存在的问题，教师的评估素养严重不足，教师很难承担校内考试监控或质量保证的职责。因此教师评估素养的专业发展也是校内考试监控系统的一个关键组成部分。而要促进教师评估素养的专业发展，就必须有效地移除教师评估素养专业发展中存在的障碍，教师教育需要大量的工作，教师的日常评估实践也需要改造。
[Abstract]:This study begins with a basic assumption that a good system of examination must be a balanced examination system. This kind of balance is realized by means of a variety of institutional arrangements, but this paper focuses on two aspects: (1) the balance is absolutely inseparable from the restriction, and the balanced examination practice is not necessary for the examination and monitoring; the balance is the balance between the test practice and the test monitoring. (2) The balance must meet the needs of multiple levels (including national, local and school) to the students' academic achievement information, which is the balance between the national education quality monitoring, the local high-interest test and the on-campus examination. Based on the above-mentioned assumption, this study will build the model of the test monitoring system in the school as the core subject of the research, and try to build up three problems, such as monitoring, monitoring, monitoring and so on. On-campus examination and monitoring system model. The four research topics that are decomposed from these three problems, the reconstruction of the school examination and monitoring standard, the establishment of the school examination monitoring mechanism, the establishment of independent examination and monitoring institutions, the improvement of the professional literacy level of the teachers make up The subject of this paper. Introduction. The exam is just a tool that can be a barrier to reform or an obstacle to progress: to make the exam The practice promotes the progress, and the examination practice must be Effective monitoring. This is part of the study. Simple definition. Chapter 1, on-campus examination: status, price The value and the problem. An important trend of the current educational test management is the establishment of the balanced examination system. The face is the balance between the level of the test management, that is, in the state of the examination The balance of the home, the local and the school. The test in the school has the independent status and value in the whole test system. The current China's examination management power distribution is not balanced, and the on-campus examination becomes an external test The mean of the trial is low and the quality is low, so the school In the second chapter, the quality standard of the test in the school is reconstructed. As a basis of the psychometrics based on the quality standard of the previous examination, the quality of the examination is the base of the test. This assumption is not suitable for the education evaluation at all, and the test quality standards for large-scale standardized test development are not suitable for the on-campus examination. The existing standard reconstruction practice and the theoretical point of view provide an important enlightenment for our reconstruction of the internal test quality standards, and the two new trends in the development of education evaluation _ Standard-based assessment and the promotion study Assessment for Learning the importance of the concept of a degree of efficiency is emerging, The degree of course effectiveness and the effect of the consequences will be the basis for us to build the framework for the quality of the school exam. Chapter 3 establishes the monitoring mechanism of the test in the school. The method is not sufficient for itself, and the good standard also requires good practice, and the implementation of the test in the school needs to be implemented. In history, for the monitoring of high-interest examinations, Nebraska's monitoring of the school district and the school-level examination Practice, as well as monitoring practices in other areas of social public affairs, such as consumer protection, can be built for us In-school examination and monitoring system provides a lot of experience and the relevant mechanisms for the monitoring and monitoring of the test in the school include: the review mechanism, the review mechanism, the complaint mechanism and the reporting machine 4. Chapter IV sets up an independent examination and monitoring body. There are many legal subjects in the examination and control of the school: the government, the teachers, the schools, the students and the students. Parents, as for the general public. From the historical perspective, the government, the examination There are some obvious problems in the main body of the test, and the current one is to set up an independent examination and monitoring mechanism. The application of new public management has become more and more obvious. In our country, however, the role of a single independent monitoring body is limited, and an appropriate choice is to implement in-school exam monitoring in cooperation with independent examination and control institutions. The system of the examination and control of the school is the quality of the test in the school, and the teacher (including the school manager) is the final decision of the quality of the test practice in the school. It is also the main body of the examination and control of the school. The lack of the position of the teacher's professional accomplishment, the lack of the training in the teacher's education, and the daily life of the teacher The problems existing in the evaluation practice, the teacher's evaluation quality is seriously insufficient, the teacher is hard to take the responsibility of the test monitoring or quality assurance in the school, so the professional development of the teacher's evaluation literacy is also the school examination monitoring system
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G424.74
本文编号：2320179
[Abstract]:This study begins with a basic assumption that a good system of examination must be a balanced examination system. This kind of balance is realized by means of a variety of institutional arrangements, but this paper focuses on two aspects: (1) the balance is absolutely inseparable from the restriction, and the balanced examination practice is not necessary for the examination and monitoring; the balance is the balance between the test practice and the test monitoring. (2) The balance must meet the needs of multiple levels (including national, local and school) to the students' academic achievement information, which is the balance between the national education quality monitoring, the local high-interest test and the on-campus examination. Based on the above-mentioned assumption, this study will build the model of the test monitoring system in the school as the core subject of the research, and try to build up three problems, such as monitoring, monitoring, monitoring and so on. On-campus examination and monitoring system model. The four research topics that are decomposed from these three problems, the reconstruction of the school examination and monitoring standard, the establishment of the school examination monitoring mechanism, the establishment of independent examination and monitoring institutions, the improvement of the professional literacy level of the teachers make up The subject of this paper. Introduction. The exam is just a tool that can be a barrier to reform or an obstacle to progress: to make the exam The practice promotes the progress, and the examination practice must be Effective monitoring. This is part of the study. Simple definition. Chapter 1, on-campus examination: status, price The value and the problem. An important trend of the current educational test management is the establishment of the balanced examination system. The face is the balance between the level of the test management, that is, in the state of the examination The balance of the home, the local and the school. The test in the school has the independent status and value in the whole test system. The current China's examination management power distribution is not balanced, and the on-campus examination becomes an external test The mean of the trial is low and the quality is low, so the school In the second chapter, the quality standard of the test in the school is reconstructed. As a basis of the psychometrics based on the quality standard of the previous examination, the quality of the examination is the base of the test. This assumption is not suitable for the education evaluation at all, and the test quality standards for large-scale standardized test development are not suitable for the on-campus examination. The existing standard reconstruction practice and the theoretical point of view provide an important enlightenment for our reconstruction of the internal test quality standards, and the two new trends in the development of education evaluation _ Standard-based assessment and the promotion study Assessment for Learning the importance of the concept of a degree of efficiency is emerging, The degree of course effectiveness and the effect of the consequences will be the basis for us to build the framework for the quality of the school exam. Chapter 3 establishes the monitoring mechanism of the test in the school. The method is not sufficient for itself, and the good standard also requires good practice, and the implementation of the test in the school needs to be implemented. In history, for the monitoring of high-interest examinations, Nebraska's monitoring of the school district and the school-level examination Practice, as well as monitoring practices in other areas of social public affairs, such as consumer protection, can be built for us In-school examination and monitoring system provides a lot of experience and the relevant mechanisms for the monitoring and monitoring of the test in the school include: the review mechanism, the review mechanism, the complaint mechanism and the reporting machine 4. Chapter IV sets up an independent examination and monitoring body. There are many legal subjects in the examination and control of the school: the government, the teachers, the schools, the students and the students. Parents, as for the general public. From the historical perspective, the government, the examination There are some obvious problems in the main body of the test, and the current one is to set up an independent examination and monitoring mechanism. The application of new public management has become more and more obvious. In our country, however, the role of a single independent monitoring body is limited, and an appropriate choice is to implement in-school exam monitoring in cooperation with independent examination and control institutions. The system of the examination and control of the school is the quality of the test in the school, and the teacher (including the school manager) is the final decision of the quality of the test practice in the school. It is also the main body of the examination and control of the school. The lack of the position of the teacher's professional accomplishment, the lack of the training in the teacher's education, and the daily life of the teacher The problems existing in the evaluation practice, the teacher's evaluation quality is seriously insufficient, the teacher is hard to take the responsibility of the test monitoring or quality assurance in the school, so the professional development of the teacher's evaluation literacy is also the school examination monitoring system
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G424.74
【引证文献】
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