儿童食物奖赏预期的认知与脑机制研究

发布时间：2020-12-25 12:07

　　中国儿童超重肥胖的比率在不断增长。而超重及肥胖儿童在成年以后的肥胖风险显著高于正常体重儿童。因此,关注和解决儿童的肥胖问题,是我们的首要任务之一。儿童的食物环境可能是影响他们饮食行为以及肥胖的重要因素。肥胖或超重者常常伴随着高食物反应性的特质,而这些个体常常表现为频繁的食物摄入或过度进食,并且在面对食物线索时有更高的反应性,从而增加的食物摄入量,导致不正常的饮食模式和肥胖。因此,食物反应性是我们需要关注的关键变量。在我们的日常生活中,有很多与直接的食物奖赏进行了多次配对的线索,当个体习得这种线索-奖赏关联后,个体开始在生理上和心理上对这些线索产生了奖赏反应。过去一系列研究也证实了,个体在面临食物线索时的反应与他们的健康状况紧密相关,例如,这些特定脑区的反应能够预测未来的食物选择,食物摄入和体重增加。因此,我们也有必要探讨不同群体（比如健康儿童）中,这种奖赏预期的效应以及潜在机制。本研究旨在探索儿童在食物奖赏预期加工中的认知与脑机制,以及食物反应性在其中的作用。我们分别假设了高食物反应性儿童可能有更强的食物奖赏关联学习能力,并且高食物反应性的儿童在面对条件化的中性线索时也会有更强的奖赏区... 

【文章来源】：西南大学重庆市 211工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：87 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
1 Literature review
    1.1 Food responsiveness
        1.1.1 The concept of food responsiveness
        1.1.2 Food responsiveness and health
        1.1.3 The measurement of food responsiveness
    1.2 Cue-reward learning
        1.2.1 The concept of cue-reward learning
        1.2.2 Research on cue-reward learning
    1.3 Reward and reward anticipation
        1.3.1 Theories of reward and reward anticipation
        1.3.2 Neural substrates of reward and reward anticipation
    1.4 Functional and effective connectivity
        1.4.1 Functional connectivity and psychophysiological interaction（PPI）
        1.4.2 Effective connectivity and Dynamic causal modelling（DCM）
        1.4.3 The difference between functional and effective connectivity
    1.5 Limitations and innovations
        1.5.1 Limitations
        1.5.2 Innovations
2 Study1:The cognitive mechanism of children’s food reward anticipation
    2.1 Research purpose and hypotheses
    2.2 Material and Methods
        2.2.1 Participants
        2.2.2 Instruments and Materials
        2.2.3 Procedure and task
        2.2.4 Data acquisition and analysis
    2.3 Results
        2.3.1 Self-report results
        2.3.2 Behavior data
    2.4 Discussion
3 Study2:The brain mechanism of children’s food reward anticipation
    3.1 Research purpose and hypotheses
    3.2 Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Participants
        3.2.2 Instruments and Materials
        3.2.3 Procedure and task
        3.2.4 Data acquisition and analysis
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Self-report results
        3.3.2 Behavior data
        3.3.3 f MRI data
    3.4 Discussion
        3.4.1 Activations elicited by food image reward
        3.4.2 Correlation between food responsiveness and anticipation-related NAc activation
        3.4.3 Correlations between food responsiveness and connectivity of NAc-VTA as well as NAc-Hb
        3.4.4 Parallel pathways and integration effect of NAc as well as Hb during the processing of food reward anticipation
4 General discussion
    4.1 General discussion
    4.2 Limitations and future direction
5 Conclusion
Reference
Appendix
Acknowledgements
Article Published


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]《中国儿童肥胖报告》解读[J]. 张娜,马冠生.  营养学报. 2017(06)
[2]奖赏敏感性在冲动性饮食行为中的作用[J]. 熊素红,孙洪杰.  心理科学. 2017(02)
[3]限制性饮食的神经机制[J]. 周一舟,陈红,高笑.  中国临床心理学杂志. 2012(05)



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