蔡元培大学教学制度改革探微

发布时间：2018-01-15 22:30

本文关键词：蔡元培大学教学制度改革探微　出处：《中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2013年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中华民国取代封建帝制,共和制新教育取代君主专制旧教育。蔡元培在民国时期,在教学领域进行了一场轰轰烈烈全面革新,为中国教育书写了新篇章。蔡元培科考出身,深知其弊,废除大学经科,倡导考试改革,不仅仅以考试作为衡量考核学生的唯一标准,而把学生研究论文、动手操作能力纳入考试范围,培养革新人才。改革清末旧学制,小学废止读经,男女同校,废止旧时奖励出身,实行思想与信仰自由,改科举仕进为研究高深学问,创办各种研究所、学会、团体,走科研教育强国之路,突破文理森严的界限,要求文理沟通兼融,改科为系,改年级制为选科制,积极引导学生发挥自己研究专长,以利学生"发达个性",培养专业人才。对促进中国近代教育,尤其是高等教育教学改革,产生了积极、深远影响。
[Abstract]:The Republic of China replaced the feudal monarchy and the new Republican education replaced the old education of autocratic monarchy. During the period of the Republic of China Cai Yuanpei carried out a vigorous and comprehensive reform in the field of teaching. Cai Yuanpei knew the disadvantages of the examination, abolished the university classics course, advocated the examination reform, not only took the examination as the sole criterion for assessing the students, but also studied the students' papers. The ability of hands-on operation should be brought into the scope of examination, and innovative talents should be cultivated. Reform of the old school system in the late Qing Dynasty, abolition of reading classics in primary schools, co-education of men and women, abolition of old rewards and birth, and implementation of freedom of thought and belief. To reform the imperial examination for advanced knowledge, to establish a variety of research institutes, societies, groups, take the road of scientific research and education, breaking through the strict boundaries of science and technology, requiring communication and integration of arts and science, changing the subject into a department, changing the grade system to a system of elective subjects. It has a positive and far-reaching influence on promoting modern Chinese education, especially the reform of higher education, by actively guiding students to give full play to their research expertise, for the benefit of students'"developed personality" and to cultivate professional talents.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学教育科学研究院;
【分类号】：G642.4
【正文快照】： 作为民国第一位教育总长的蔡元培顺应时代大潮,推翻封建旧教育,重构新兴资产阶级教育制度。1917年至1926年,蔡元培出任北京大学校长,对最高学府教育大力改革,后来就职中央研究院院长,更是对高等教育制度变革进行积极地探索与实践。一、废除大学经科,倡导考试改革蔡元培与千千

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