社会达尔文主义对大学生思想的消极影响及对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 17:36

本文关键词：社会达尔文主义对大学生思想的消极影响及对策研究　出处：《安徽工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：19世纪中期,英国著名学者赫伯特·斯宾塞首创社会达尔文主义理论,他认为人类社会是一个有机体,这个有机体与生物有机体相类似,生物进化规律也同样适用于人类社会,人类社会也是在自然选择与适者生存这个普遍规律的影响下进步与发展的,用生物进化规律来解释人类社会现象。然而,生物界的适者生存和人类间的斗争是完全不同的,这样简单的搬运显然有些牵强。因为,生物界的竞争主要是指生物对自然环境的适应过程以及生物个体间的竞争,而人类间的竞争范围要广泛的多,存在于个体之间以及国家间和民族间,他们为了维护自己的利益进行各种斗争。作为一种世界观,也作为一种意识形态,这种思想与极端个人主义思想和物质主义思想结合,对当代大学生产生了不利的影响,必须采取措施加以控制,并引导大学生朝积极的方向发展。本文共分四个部分加以论述:(1)第一部分论述了社会达尔文主义产生的背景、内容、核心思想以及社会达尔文主义的基本特征,也即过度竞争、极端个人主义和物质主义。(2)第二部分着重分析了社会达尔文主义如何输入中国与对中国的影响,阐述知识分子对社会达尔文主义思想的被迫接受到主动宣传的心路历程,并说明了其对中国社会造成的的积极影响和消极影响,进而影响大学生的思想。(3)第三部分论述社会达尔文主义对当代大学生的消极影响,当代大学生受社会达尔文主义影响,表现出过度竞争、极端个人主义和物质主义倾向,必须正确对待之。(4)第四部分主要论述应对社会达尔文主义消极影响的策略,主要分别从社会、学校、家庭、个人几个方面论述,如何抵制社会达尔文主义带来的消极影响。社会达尔文主义虽然今天已不再时髦,但是,我们应该正视社会达尔文主义,深入了解其对当今社会的影响,尤其对大学生这个群体的消极影响,积极应对,做到趋利避害。
[Abstract]:In the middle of 19th century, Herbert Spencer, a prominent British scholar, pioneered social Darwinism, thinking that human society was an organism that was similar to an organism. The law of biological evolution is also applicable to human society, the human society is also in the natural selection and survival of the fittest under the influence of the universal law of progress and development, with the law of biological evolution to explain the human social phenomenon. The survival of the fittest in the biological world is completely different from the struggle between human beings. Such simple handling is obviously somewhat far-fetched. The competition in the biological world mainly refers to the adaptation process of organisms to the natural environment and the competition among individuals, while the range of competition among human beings is much wider, which exists among individuals, countries and nations. They struggle for their own interests. As a world outlook, as well as as an ideology, this thought is combined with extreme individualism and materialism. It has a negative impact on contemporary college students, and measures must be taken to control it. The first part discusses the background and content of social Darwinism. Core ideas and the basic characteristics of social Darwinism, that is, excessive competition. The second part focuses on the analysis of how social Darwinism is imported into China and its influence on China. This paper expounds the intellectual's mental course of being forced to take the initiative to propagate his thoughts on social Darwinism, and explains its positive and negative influence on Chinese society. The third part discusses the negative impact of social Darwinism on contemporary college students, contemporary college students are affected by social Darwinism, showing excessive competition. Extreme individualism and materialistic tendencies must be correctly treated. Part 4th mainly discusses the strategies to deal with the negative impact on social Darwinism, mainly from the social, school, and family. Personal discussion in several aspects, how to resist the negative impact of social Darwinism. Although social Darwinism is no longer fashionable today, we should face up to social Darwinism. Deeply understand its impact on today's society, especially on the negative impact of college students, and actively respond to the benefits and avoid harm.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G641

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