改进机能实验教学主要环节以促进学生能力的培养

发布时间：2018-03-25 01:36

本文选题：实验教学人员　切入点：机能学实验　出处：《中国病理生理杂志》2013年10期

【摘要】：机能学实验教学承担了病理生理学、生理学和药理学3门课程的实验教学。通过实验课,学生可以验证所学、探索新知和启发思维,透彻理解医学基础知识,并为临床学习打下坚实的基础。在实验教学中,实验内容形式单一、师生比例偏低、每组学生人数偏多等是影响学生学习热情和能力培养的主要原因。(1)增加实验种类,使检测指标贴近临床,避免简单的验证性实验,能激发学生的学习热情,提高教学效果。(2)动物手术是机能学实验课成功与否的关键,也是学生需要帮助的教学环节。但一个实验室往往有4~6组,20~24名学生,而教师只有1名;师生比例偏低使得部分实验小组在手术关键阶段得不到帮助而导致实验失败。增加实验教学人员或其他教学辅助人员(如研究生)能改善教学情况。(3)当前实验教学中,每组学生人数4~6人,但受实验室面积和手术操作空间的限制,往往只有2~3人能进行实验。因此调整实验小组人数、增加实验分组数能增加学生动手操作的机会。只有不断改进教学中的各个环节,才能保证机能学实验的教学效果和教学质量,增强医学生发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力,提高医学生的实践操作能力和沟通协作能力,为医学生进入临床阶段的学习打下坚实的基础。
[Abstract]:The experimental teaching of functional science undertakes the experimental teaching of pathophysiology, physiology and pharmacology. Through the experimental course, students can verify what they have learned, explore new knowledge and enlighten their thinking, and thoroughly understand the basic knowledge of medicine. And lay a solid foundation for clinical study. In the experiment teaching, the content of the experiment is single, the ratio of teachers and students is on the low side, and the number of students in each group is too large, which is the main reason that affects the students' learning enthusiasm and ability cultivation. The key to the success of the experiment course of functional science is to make the test index close to clinical practice, avoid simple confirmatory experiments, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning and improve the teaching effect.) Animal operation is the key to the success of the experiment course of functional science. It is also a teaching link for students in need of help. However, a laboratory often has 4 groups of 2024 students, while the teacher has only one; The low teacher-student ratio leads to the failure of some experimental groups in the critical stage of operation. Increasing the teaching staff or other teaching assistants (such as graduate students) can improve the teaching situation. The number of students in each group was 4 to 6, but limited by the size of the laboratory and the operating space, only two or three students were able to conduct the experiment. Therefore, the number of experimental groups was adjusted. Increasing the number of experimental groups can increase the chance for students to operate. Only by constantly improving every link in teaching can the teaching effect and teaching quality of functional experiment be guaranteed, and medical students can be strengthened to find problems and analyze problems. Ability to solve problems, improve medical students' practical operation ability and communication and cooperation ability, lay a solid foundation for medical students to enter the clinical stage of study.
【作者单位】：武汉大学基础医学实验教学中心;
【分类号】：G642;R-4

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