英国大学参与科学园发展的研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 08:03

本文选题：英国大学　切入点：参与　出处：《天津师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类在历经三次科技革命之后进入知识经济时代,加强对科学知识的创新与应用已成为这个时代不可逆转的趋势。大学作为传递知识和创新知识的载体也将发挥越来越重要的作用。20世纪70年代,英国遭遇经济危机的巨大冲击后,撒切尔政府削减高等教育支出,使英国大学陷入经济困难。为缓解经济上的压力,英国大学吸取美国的成功经验,开始转变观念,积极探索大学与产业合作的路径。1970年,剑桥大学建成英国第一个科学园——剑桥科学园,在此之后的40多年中,英国科学园不断发展壮大,取得了显著成就。本文在参阅中英文文献的基础上,总结归纳出英国大学参与科学园发展的三种形式,分别为大学独自创建科学园、大学和其他合作伙伴合资创建科学园以及大学和其他合作伙伴共同参与科学园发展,还将英国大学参与科学园发展的活动类型划分为以人员为基础的活动、以解决问题为基础的活动和以社区为基础的活动此三类,并介绍了英国大学参与科学园发展的两个成功案例。然而对于英国大学是否推动了科学园的发展,国内外学者提出了不同见解,但毋庸置疑,多数人对此持肯定态度。我国科学园起步较晚,虽取得令人瞩目的成绩,但仍处于发展初期,我国大学在参与科学园发展的过程中还需借鉴英国的经验,如：坚持不懈地探索技术科学的前沿；采取措施切实增强大学与企业界联系；结合自身科研优势和专业优势积极营造特色园区；向科学园充分开放大学各类资源；积极营造大学的创业文化氛围,培养科技型企业家。
[Abstract]:After three scientific and technological revolutions, mankind has entered the era of knowledge economy. Strengthening the innovation and application of scientific knowledge has become an irreversible trend in this era. As a carrier of knowledge and innovative knowledge, universities will also play an increasingly important role in the 1970s. After Britain was hit by the economic crisis, Thatcher's government cut its spending on higher education, which plunged British universities into economic difficulties. In order to ease the economic pressure, British universities, drawing on the successful experience of the United States, began to change their minds. Actively explore the path of university-industry cooperation. In 1970, Cambridge University built the first science park in Britain-Cambridge Science Park. Over the next 40 years, the British Science Park continued to grow. On the basis of consulting the literature in Chinese and English, this paper sums up three forms of participation of British universities in the development of science parks, which are respectively for the establishment of science parks by universities alone. The University and other partners have jointly established the Science Park and the University and other partners have participated in the development of the Science Park. The types of activities in which British universities participate in the development of the Science Park are classified as personnel-based activities. There are three types of problem-based and community-based activities, and two successful cases of the participation of British universities in the development of the Science Park are presented. However, as to whether or not British universities have promoted the development of the Science Park, Scholars at home and abroad have put forward different views, but there is no doubt that most people are positive about this. Although the Science Park in China started relatively late, although it has made remarkable achievements, it is still in the early stages of development. In the process of participating in the development of science park, universities in our country should draw lessons from the experience of Britain, such as: unswervingly exploring the frontier of technological science, taking measures to strengthen the connection between universities and enterprises; Combining their own advantages of scientific research and professional advantages to actively create a characteristic park; to the Science Park to fully open up all kinds of university resources; actively create a university entrepreneurial culture atmosphere, and cultivate science and technology entrepreneurs.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G649.516

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