日本短期大学的危机

发布时间：2018-03-29 08:49

本文选题：日本　切入点：短期大学　出处：《中国高等教育评论》2013年00期

【摘要】：日本的短期大学是"二战"以后日本学制改革的产物,曾经在推进高等教育大众化方面发挥了重要作用。但是,短期大学创办初期定位不明的问题一直不为政府和短期大学相关人员所重视,而且短期大学自20世纪60年代至80年代一直享受着发展的黄金时代,导致其推迟了应对高等教育世界正在发生的结构性变化的努力。进入90年代后,伴随着18岁人口的减少(即少子化),在短期大学与四年制大学或专修学校的竞争中,办学定位不明的问题不仅阻碍了其进一步发展,而且使其陷入了生存危机。如何化解短期大学的危机?本文通过与美国的社区学院进行比较,并结合日本的国情,提出了"私立短期大学能够发挥的作用,或许最重要的是公民的教养教育和职业教育,以及专业教育。其中公民教养的教育或许是今后短期大学最能发挥个性的作用所在"的重要主张。
[Abstract]:Japan's short-term universities were the product of the reform of the Japanese academic system after World War II, and once played an important role in promoting the popularization of higher education. The problem of unclear orientation in the initial stage of the establishment of short-term universities has not been taken seriously by the government and the relevant personnel of short-term universities. Moreover, short-term universities have enjoyed a golden age of development from the 1960s to the 1980s. It has delayed efforts to cope with the structural changes that are taking place in the world of higher education. In the 1990s, with the decline of the 18-year-old population (that is, minority children), short-term universities compete with four-year universities or specialized schools. The problem of unclear orientation of running a school not only hinders its further development, but also makes it fall into a crisis of survival. How to resolve the crisis of short-term university? By comparing with the community colleges in the United States and considering the national conditions of Japan, this paper puts forward that "the role that private short-term universities can play, perhaps the most important is the upbringing and vocational education of citizens." And professional education. The education of civic education may be the most effective role of personality in short-term universities in the future. "
【作者单位】：厦门大学教育研究院;
【分类号】：G649.313

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