我国大学生道德失范现象探析

发布时间：2018-04-20 04:25

本文选题：我国大学生 + 道德失范现象　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：康德(Immanuel Kant)说过：“有两样东西，我们愈经常、愈持久地加以思索，它们就愈使心灵充满日新又新、有加无已的景仰和敬畏：在我之上的星空和居我心中的道德法则。”[1]道德作为一种古老的社会现象，其所发挥的规范调节作用不容忽视。从社会方面看，道德是维持社会生活秩序，保障社会有序运行的重要手段；从个人方面看，道德是个体自我完善、自我发展的精神力量，是个体在社会中得以生存的重要保证。人类社会的发展需要道德，每一个社会成员的道德状况都会直接或间接的影响到社会整体的道德水平，尤其是受教育程度较高、认识能力较强的大学生群体，，他们的道德状况如何，会对整个社会的道德建设产生重要的影响。新时期我国大学生道德状况的主流是好的，与以往的大学生相比，他们独立意识增强、思想更加活跃；他们勇于挑战自我、更加不畏竞争；他们有责任有担当、更具主人翁精神，这些不仅是大学生自身的进步，更是社会道德的发展。但不可否认的是，在大学生群体中确实存在着一些道德失范现象，部分大学生的道德状况令人堪忧。作为社会上的精英群体，作为国家着力培养的高素质人才，社会各界都对大学生寄予了厚望，他们的一举一动都备受关注，他们的一言一行都有可能造成一定的社会影响，因此，当代大学生群体的道德状况，尤其是部分大学生存在的道德失范现象，必须引起全社会的广泛关注。本文共分为五部分：第一部分，绪论。首先，阐明本文的研究背景及意义；其次，分析国内外在大学生道德失范方面的研究概况并总结其权威性的观点与不足；再次，列举本文所采用的研究方法；最后，阐述本文的创新之处以及可能存在的不足。第二部分，道德规范概述。从阐明道德与道德规范的含义入手，系统论述原始社会、奴隶社会、封建社会、资本主义社会以及中国特色社会主义社会各自的道德规范体系，进而分析新时期我国大学生应当遵守的道德规范。第三部分，我国大学生道德失范现象的现实分析。目前，我国部分大学生存在的道德失范现象虽非主流，但却真实的存在着。本部分以调查为基础，首先从整体上阐述我国大学生的道德状况，然后从社会公德、家庭美德、学习道德以及网络道德四个方面分析部分大学生存在的道德失范现象。第四部分，我国大学生道德失范现象的成因。部分大学生之所以存在着道德失范现象，既是外部环境所致，也是自身内部因素使然。本部分将从社会的角度进行宏观环境的分析、从学校的角度进行中观环境的分析、从家庭的角度进行微观环境的分析、从个体认知的角度进行主观因素的分析，力争全面的把握部分大学生道德失范的成因。第五部分，消解我国大学生道德失范现象的对策。这是本文的重点。首先明确培养大学生遵守道德规范的目标，即提高遵守道德规范的认知能力、培养遵守道德规范的情感、磨练遵守道德规范的意志、坚定遵守道德规范的行为四个方面；其次，阐明培养大学生遵守道德规范需要坚守的原则；最后，从社会、学校、家庭以及个人四个角度提出消解我国大学生道德失范现象的有效对策。
[Abstract]:Kant (Immanuel Kant) said, "there are two things, the more often, the more lasting we think, the more they make the mind full of the new and new, the admired and the awe: the stars above me and the moral law in my heart." as an old social phenomenon, [1] morality plays the role of regulation and regulation. In terms of social aspect, morality is an important means to maintain the order of social life and ensure the orderly operation of the society. From a personal point of view, morality is the individual self perfection, the spiritual strength of self development, and an important guarantee for the survival of the individual in the society.
The development of human society needs morality, and the moral status of every member of the society will directly or indirectly affect the moral level of the whole society, especially the higher education level and the better understanding of the college students. Their moral condition will have an important influence on the moral construction of the whole society. The mainstream of College Students' moral situation is good. Compared with the former college students, they have more independent consciousness and more active thoughts; they are brave to challenge themselves and do not fear competition; they have the responsibility and the spirit of master, which are not only the progress of the college students themselves, but also the development of the social morality. There are some moral anomie phenomena in the college students, and the moral condition of some college students is worrying. As an elite group in the society, as a high quality personnel trained by the state, all walks of life have great hopes on college students. All their actions are concerned, and their words and deeds are likely to be caused by all their words and deeds. A certain social influence, therefore, the moral situation of the contemporary college students, especially the moral anomie of some college students, must arouse the wide attention of the whole society.
This article is divided into five parts:
The first part is introduction. First, it clarifies the background and significance of the research. Secondly, it analyzes the research situation of College Students' moral anomie at home and abroad and sums up its authoritative views and deficiencies; thirdly, it lists the research methods adopted in this paper; finally, it expounds the innovation and the possible shortcomings of this article.
The second part, the outline of moral norms, starting with the definition of moral and moral norms, systematically discusses the moral norms of the original society, slave society, feudal society, capitalist society and the socialist society with Chinese characteristics, and then analyzes the moral norms that the Chinese students should abide by in the new period.
The third part, the actual analysis of the phenomenon of moral anomie of college students in our country. At present, the moral anomie of some college students in our country is not the mainstream, but there is a real existence. Based on the investigation, this part first expounds the moral status of the college students in our country, and then from the social ethics, family virtues, learning morality and the network. Four aspects of morality analyze the moral anomie of some college students.
The fourth part is the cause of the phenomenon of moral anomie of college students in our country. The reason why some college students have moral anomie is both the external environment and their own internal factors. This part will analyze the macro environment from the angle of the society, analyze the middle environment from the angle of the school, and conduct the microcosmic from the angle of the family. From the angle of individual cognition, we analyze the subjective factors and try to grasp the causes of moral anomie of some college students.
The fifth part, the countermeasures to eliminate the phenomenon of moral anomie in our country. This is the focus of this article. First, to make clear the goal of cultivating college students to abide by moral norms, that is, to improve the cognitive ability to abide by moral norms, to cultivate the emotion of moral norms, to practice the meaning of moral norms, and to abide by the behavior of moral norms firmly in four aspects. Secondly, it clarifies the principles of training college students to abide by moral norms. Finally, the effective countermeasures are put forward from four angles of society, schools, families and individuals to eliminate the moral anomie of college students in our country.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G641

【参考文献】