日本研究生教育政策演变研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:32

本文选题：日本 + 研究生　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究生教育政策的演变不仅是全球人才培育竞争加剧的必然反映,也是各国经济发展、产业结构优化升级对人才需求升级的必然结果。一个国家综合国力的强盛与否,经济的竞争力强劲与否,从根本上反映出该国人才实力的竞争。尤其是最近几十年来,从发达国家到发展中国家,无一不从战略上关注研究生教育的发展,从行动上重视高级人才的培育。目前,高科技行业,尤其是IT、电子产业的更新换代日新月异,对高水平人才的需求也逐渐升级。而当前研究生教育的普及化,使其数量创历史新高,社会对高层次人才的要求自然水涨船高。日本研究生教育政策作为日本研究生教育体系中不可或缺的部分,特别是近些年来,日本经济社会变化无常,就业环境不稳定的情况下,成为了日本政府工作的重心。与此同时,日本的研究生教育政策呈现出一定的特点,主要表现在:政府对研究生教育的重视程度与日俱增;对研究生教育的资金投入力度前所未有;对研究生教育政策的落实强劲有力。本文基于政策分析以及政策演变的理论介绍,从主要政策、价值追求、实施效果三个方面以此对日本研究生教育起步阶段、稳步发展阶段、快速发展阶段的政策内容及其演变进行了梳理;继之,以硕士毕业生初次就业为例,定量分析与定性分析相结合,对其就业现状、原因分析、应对策略进行了研究,以从一个侧面深入揭示日本研究生教育政策演变的实施效果;再之,重点探讨了日本研究生教育政策演变的特征,从政策主体的多元化、政策目标的明确化、政策评估的专业化三个方面描述了政策演变方向;从制度建设、规模扩张、质量保障三个方面刻画了政策演变特征,从科技政策牵引、产业发展主导、国际竞争推动三个方面归纳了政策演变规律;最后,从三个方面总结了日本研究生教育政策演变的启示。今后我国的研究生教育政策在制定与实施过程当中,要注意与经济政治文化政策相匹配。特别是在社会发展转型期,应出台相应的教育政策,确保研究生教育改革符合自身发展的规律。
[Abstract]:The evolution of graduate education policy is not only the inevitable reflection of the intensified competition of global talent cultivation, but also the inevitable result of various countries' economic development and the upgrading of industrial structure to upgrade the demand for talents. Whether a country's comprehensive national strength is strong or not, and whether the economy's competitiveness is strong or not, fundamentally reflects the competition of the country's talent strength. Especially in recent decades, from developed countries to developing countries, all of them pay attention to the development of graduate education strategically, and attach importance to the cultivation of senior talents from action. At present, the high-tech industry, especially ITS, the electronic industry is changing with each passing day, and the demand for high-level talents is gradually upgraded. With the popularization of postgraduate education, the number of graduate students has reached a new high, and the demand for high-level talents has naturally increased. Japanese graduate education policy is an indispensable part of the Japanese graduate education system, especially in recent years, Japan's economic and social uncertainty, employment environment instability, has become the focus of Japanese government work. At the same time, Japan's graduate education policy presents certain characteristics, mainly as follows: the government pays more and more attention to graduate education, and the investment in graduate education is unprecedented. Strong implementation of graduate education policy. Based on the policy analysis and the theoretical introduction of policy evolution, this paper makes a steady development of graduate education in Japan from three aspects: the main policy, the value pursuit and the implementation effect. The policy content and evolution of the rapid development stage are combed. Then, taking the first employment of the master's graduate as an example, combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, the present employment situation, the reason analysis and the corresponding strategies are studied. In order to reveal the effect of the evolution of Japanese graduate education policy from one side, and then, the paper focuses on the characteristics of Japanese graduate education policy evolution, from the diversification of policy subjects and the clarity of policy objectives. The specialization of policy evaluation describes the direction of policy evolution, depicts the characteristics of policy evolution from three aspects: system construction, scale expansion, quality assurance, science and technology policy traction, industry development leading, and so on. Finally, it summarizes the enlightenment of the evolution of Japanese graduate education policy from three aspects. In the process of formulating and implementing graduate education policy in China, attention should be paid to matching the economic, political and cultural policies. Especially in the transition period of social development, corresponding educational policies should be issued to ensure that the reform of postgraduate education conforms to the law of its own development.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G649.313

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