科学推理能力和物理问题解决能力的对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 21:30

本文选题：科学推理能力 + 原始物理问题　；参考：《首都师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：科学推理能力是科学探究的一个重要组成部分,当前基础物理课程改革提倡科学探究,培养学生的科学推理能力,但是它与物理问题解决能力之间是否相关?当今的物理师范专业本科生的科学推理能力和物理问题的解决能力都处于怎样的一种水平?这些问题都是值得研究的。本文选取首都师范大学物理师范本科生为研究对象,采用问卷调查的教育学研究方法和统计学研究方法,对物理系师范本科生的科学推理能力水平和物理问题解决能力水平进行测试,并且对两种能力间的相关性做了研究。首先应用LCTSR科学推理能力测试量表对物理师范本科生的科学推理能力水平进行测试,将测试结果应用EXCEL做图分析,结果显示物理师范本科生的科学推理能力大都处于中等水平。进一步对LCTSR科学推理能力测试量表的六个维度进行对比分析研究。结果显示体积质量守恒和比例推理能力这两个维度的推理能力较好,而控制变量推理,概率推理,相关推理和假设演绎推理四个维度的推理能力水平较低。然后应用原始物理问题测试工具,对物理师范本科生物理问题解决能力进行测试,将测试结果应用EXCEL作图分析,结果显示物理师范本科生的物理问题解决能力都处于较低水平。最后将上述两个测试的结果应用SPSS17软件进行相关性检验,结果表明,科学推理能力与物理问题解决能力的相关性极弱,可以视为不相关。由于LCTSR的科学推理能力测试主要包括六个维度即体积质量守恒,比例推理,控制变量推理,概率推理,相关推理及假设演绎推理。本文分别应用SPSS17软件研究了各个维度与物理问题解决能力的相关性,数据显示各个维度与物理问题解决能力相关性极弱可视为不相关。本文力图了解物理师范本科生的科学推理能力及物理问题解决能力的真实水平,以及两者间的相关性。基于研究结果,论文提出了教学建议以期对物理教学有所裨益。
[Abstract]:The ability of scientific reasoning is an important part of scientific inquiry. At present, the reform of basic physics curriculum advocates scientific inquiry and cultivates students' ability of scientific reasoning, but is it related to the ability of solving physical problems? What is the level of the ability of scientific reasoning and the ability of solving physics problems of the undergraduates majoring in physics teacher training? These problems are worth studying. This paper chooses the physics normal college students of Capital normal University as the research object, adopts the pedagogy research method and the statistical research method of the questionnaire. The scientific reasoning ability and the physics problem-solving ability of the undergraduate students in physics department are tested. The correlation between the two abilities is studied. Firstly, the LCTSR scale is used to test the level of scientific reasoning ability of physics teachers, and the results are analyzed by excel. The results show that the scientific reasoning ability of physics normal undergraduates is mostly at the medium level. Furthermore, the six dimensions of the LCTSR Scientific reasoning ability Test scale (LCTSR) were compared and analyzed. The results show that the volume mass conservation and proportional reasoning ability are better than control variable reasoning and probability reasoning. The reasoning ability of the four dimensions of related reasoning and hypothetical deductive reasoning is relatively low. Then the physical problem solving ability of physics normal undergraduates is tested by using the original physics problem test tool, and the test results are analyzed by excel. The results show that the physics problem solving ability of physics normal undergraduates is at a low level. Finally, the results of the above two tests are tested by SPSS17 software, and the results show that, The correlation between scientific reasoning ability and physical problem solving ability is very weak and can be regarded as irrelevant. The test of LCTSR's scientific reasoning ability includes six dimensions: volume mass conservation, proportional reasoning, control variable reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, correlation reasoning and hypothesis-deductive reasoning. In this paper, we use SPSS17 software to study the correlation between each dimension and physical problem solving ability. The data show that the correlation between each dimension and physical problem-solving ability is very weak. This paper tries to understand the scientific reasoning ability and the real level of physical problem-solving ability of physics normal undergraduates and the correlation between them. Based on the research results, the paper puts forward some teaching suggestions in order to benefit physics teaching.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G652.4;O4-4

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