广西大学生创业意愿差异研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 23:48

本文选题：大学生 + 创业　；参考：《广西大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：关注大学生的创业行为,更好地促进他们的创业活动在现今显得尤为重要和迫切。意愿是预测行为的客观指标,对创业意愿的研究可以更好的了解创业行为。本文把广西地区16所高校的997名在校大学生作为研究对象,基于人力资本社会资本的理论视角,运用二次资料分析方法,研究大学生创业意愿的差异。通过对大学生创业意愿以及创业动机、创业投资领域、创业投资规模和创业投资地点等创业意愿具体特征表现的一般描述性分析,结果发现,大学生创业意愿水平相对较低,创业主要以获取经济收益为动机,商业/零售业是大学生首选的创业行业,在创业规模上倾向于选择中等的规模,中小城市是大学生创业的首选之地。把性别与创业意愿、年龄与创业意愿、民族与创业意愿、专业与创业意愿、年级与创业意愿、学校类别与创业意愿、父亲职业与创业意愿、母亲职业与创业意愿、家庭收入水平与创业意愿进行交互分析,结果表明,性别、年级和家庭收入水平与创业意愿存在显著相关。社会对男女性别角色期待的差异导致创业意愿的性别差异,男性比女性表现出更高的创业意愿。从年级来看,不同年级的学生因社会阅历的差异而对创业有不同的认识,因而创业意愿有所区别。年级越低创业意愿越高,年级越高创业意愿反而越低,创业意愿呈现出随着年级的升高而下降的趋势。收入水平不同的家庭,能够提供的创业资金以及承担的创业风险有所不同,学生的创业意愿存在差异。家庭收入水平对创业意愿的影响因性别而有所不同,对于男性而言,家庭收入水平低,创业意愿也低,家庭收入水平高,创业意愿也高,创业意愿随着家庭收入的提高而变高；对于女性而言,低收入和高收入家庭女性的创业意愿都高于中等收入水平家庭女性的创业意愿。检验结果还显示,年龄、民族、专业、院校、父亲职业、母亲职业这些变量与创业意愿的相关性不显著。大学生的年龄差别不大,相对集中在同一个阶段,创业意愿没有明显不同。平等的民族政策保证了不同民族的学生享有平等的就业权利,因而学生的创业意愿没有因民族成分的差异而不同。专业背景并非创业时优先考虑的因素,所以不同专业的学生创业意愿差异不显著。专科学校和本科学校的学生都可能求职成功,并没有因就业压力而表现出不同的创业意愿。职业并不一定存在代际传承,学生的创业意愿不因父母职业的不同而有所差异。
[Abstract]:It is very important and urgent to pay attention to the entrepreneurial behavior of college students and promote their entrepreneurial activities. Willingness is an objective index to predict behavior, and the study of entrepreneurial will can better understand entrepreneurial behavior. This paper takes 997 college students in 16 universities in Guangxi as the research object, based on the theory of human capital social capital, using the method of secondary data analysis to study the difference of university students' willingness to start a business. Through the general descriptive analysis of college students' entrepreneurial willingness and their motivation, the field of venture capital, the scale of venture capital and the location of venture capital, the results show that the level of college students' entrepreneurial willingness is relatively low. Business / retail business is the first choice for college students to start their own businesses, and they tend to choose medium scale on the scale of entrepreneurship, and small and medium-sized cities are the first choice for college students to start their own businesses. Gender and entrepreneurial intention, age and entrepreneurial intention, nationality and entrepreneurial intention, professional and entrepreneurial will, grade and entrepreneurial intention, school type and entrepreneurial intention, father's occupation and entrepreneurial intention, mother's career and entrepreneurial intention, The results show that gender, grade and family income level are significantly correlated with entrepreneurial willingness. The difference in gender roles between men and women leads to gender differences in entrepreneurial willingness, and men show higher entrepreneurial willingness than women. From the grade point of view, students in different grades have different understanding of entrepreneurship because of the difference of social experience, so they have different entrepreneurial intention. The lower the grade, the higher the entrepreneurial willingness, the higher the grade, the lower the entrepreneurial willingness. Families with different income levels can provide different venture capital and undertake different entrepreneurial risks, and students' willingness to start a business is different. For men, the level of family income is low, the willingness to start a business is also low, the level of family income is high, the willingness to start a business is also high, and the willingness to start a business becomes higher with the increase of family income. For women, the entrepreneurial willingness of women from low and high income families is higher than that of women from middle income families. The results also showed that age, nationality, specialty, college, father's occupation and mother's occupation were not significantly correlated with entrepreneurial intention. The age difference of college students is not obvious. The equal national policy ensures that students of different nationalities enjoy equal employment rights, so the students' willingness to start a business does not vary according to the ethnic composition. Professional background is not a priority factor when starting a business, so there is no significant difference in entrepreneurial willingness among students of different majors. Both college and undergraduate students are likely to be successful and do not show a different willingness to start a business because of the pressure of employment. Career is not necessarily intergenerational, and students' willingness to start a business is not different from their parents'.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G647.38

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