美国高校工学学科结构变动的特点及成因分析

发布时间：2018-06-21 15:48

本文选题：工学 + 工程技术　；参考：《中国高教研究》2013年05期

【摘要】：试图运用历史资料和统计数据系统描述美国工学学科结构变动的轨迹,并分析其影响因素,以揭示美国工学学科发展的内在规律与发展趋势,为我国高等工程教育发展提供借鉴。研究表明,美国高校工学学科人才培养层次结构高移;四大传统工学学科构成了美国工学学科结构的基础;20世纪70年代以来,工程技术类学科、高技术学科、交叉学科和新兴学科发展迅速。工业现代化进程的推进、美国与生俱来的实用性创新传统、频繁战争对研发的强大刺激以及国家战略层面的政策引导和项目支持是影响美国工学学科结构变动的主要原因。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to use historical data and statistical data to describe the track of the changes in the structure of engineering disciplines in the United States, and to analyze its influencing factors, in order to reveal the inherent laws and trends of the development of the discipline of engineering in the United States. To provide reference for the development of higher engineering education in China. The research shows that the level structure of talent training in engineering disciplines in American colleges and universities is high, and the four traditional engineering disciplines constitute the foundation of the structure of engineering disciplines in the United States since the 1970s, and the engineering and technology disciplines, the high-tech disciplines, have formed the foundation of the structure of the engineering disciplines in the United States. Cross-disciplinary and emerging disciplines are developing rapidly. The advancement of industrial modernization, the tradition of practical innovation in America, the strong stimulation of R & D caused by frequent wars, the policy guidance and project support at the national strategic level are the main reasons that influence the structural changes of American engineering disciplines.
【作者单位】：中国计量学院发展规划处;中国人民大学教育学院;中国计量学院机电工程学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目“美国高校学科结构与产业结构相关性的实证研究”(项目批准号:11YJC880061) 2009年度中国计量学院国家特色专业建设—自动化(项目编码:TS11469)的研究成果
【分类号】：G649.712

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