论大学生道德评价能力的培养

发布时间：2018-07-18 14:25

【摘要】：道德评价是人类道德活动的重要组成部分，对个体道德品质的形成与发展，对人与人之间关系的协调，对社会道德风尚的改善，对维护道德规范的功能，都具有重要的作用。大学生的道德评价能力就是其对特定思想和行为在道德价值上的知、情、意、信、行之五大反应。对大学生进行道德评价能力的培养就是指在大学生道德评价能力形成过程中，发挥高校教育的主导作用，结合家庭、社会等各方面要素形成教育合力，重视大学生的自我评价与自我教育，对大学生道德评价的知、情、意、信、行五个方面进行全方位培养，以提高大学生的道德评价能力，并将道德认知转化为道德行为习惯作为终极目标。当前高校德育经过长期发展，在理论研究和实际培养两方面都取得一定成绩，但在对大学生进行道德评价能力培养过程中还存在诸多问题，道德评价教育理念不符合时代要求，道德评价标准和方法存在不足，道德评价教育体系不完善、方法单一、内容滞后，导致部分大学生缺乏对道德评价内涵的基本认识，未能形成较好的道德评价能力。因此，我们必须要针对当前大学生道德评价能力培养中存在的问题，积极寻找对策方法有效解决，以求提高大学生的道德评价能力，从而实现其全面发展，，为社会主义事业培养合格的建设者和接班人。本文系统考察了国内外关于道德评价及道德评价能力培养的相关理论，主要探讨了大学生道德评价能力培养的内涵及其意义；大学生道德评价能力培养中存在的问题及其原因；大学生道德评价能力培养的对策。导言部分从理论意义和实践意义上分别论述了本论文的选题意义，从道德评价标准、方法、对象等方面综述古今中外的思想家们对道德评价问题的基本看法，特别是具体分析了当前大学生道德评价能力培养现状及存在的问题，阐述了本论文的研究方法和创新之处。第一部分主要是在综合中外思想家对道德评价问题研究的基础上，总结出道德评价、大学生道德评价能力和大学生道德评价能力培养的内涵，并结合当前高校思想道德教育的实际，从大学生自身发展和推动社会进步两大方面总结出当前对大学生进行道德评价能力培养的意义：有利于提高大学生的道德素质，有利于促进大学生人际关系的和谐，有利于弘扬校园文化精神。第二部分论述了当前高校德育从整体上来看取得了一定的进步，但是在道德评价能力培养方面仍然存在很多问题，主要体现在缺乏科学的培养理念与方法。究其原因主要是因为高校德育工作在以下方面力度不够：德育理念不适应时代的要求；道德评价能力培养缺失；道德评价教育体系不完善；道德评价教育方法不科学。除此之外，大学生自身价值观的影响和社会因素也是造成上述问题的原因。第三部分，针对第二部分论述的问题及原因，提出大学生道德评价能力培养的对策：首先，实现高校德育由重知识传授向重能力培养的转化，包括确立道德评价在德育体系中的重要地位、强化道德认知能力的培养、实践锻炼提高道德评价行为能力；其次，引导树立崇高的道德意识和正确的道德评价观念，如注重正确价值观教育、引导大学生确立自身的道德评价目标、学会宽容他人；再次，坚持正确的道德评价标准和科学的道德评价方法，如提高分清善恶、辨别是非的能力、强调道德评价标准的集体主义原则、传授科学的道德评价方法；最后，优化大学生道德评价能力的培养环境，包括为大学生创造道德评价能力锻炼的各种活动和社会实践条件、建设共同探讨道德评价的校园文化、占领网络德育新阵地。
[Abstract]:Moral evaluation is an important part of human moral activities. It plays an important role in the formation and development of individual moral quality, the coordination of the relationship between people and people, the improvement of the social morality and the maintenance of the function of moral norms. The moral evaluation of college students is the moral value of the moral evaluation of the specific thought and behavior. The cultivation of moral evaluation ability for college students means to play the leading role of college education in the process of forming moral evaluation ability of college students, to combine the factors of family and society to form educational resultant force, to pay attention to the self-evaluation and self-education of the students, and to evaluate the moral evaluation of the college students. In order to improve college students' moral evaluation ability, the ultimate goal is to raise the moral evaluation ability of college students and to transform moral cognition into moral behavior habits in five aspects.
At present, moral education in Colleges and universities has achieved certain achievements in two aspects: theoretical research and practical training, but there are still many problems in the process of moral evaluation of college students. Moral evaluation education concept does not conform to the requirements of the times, the standards and methods of moral evaluation are insufficient, and the moral evaluation education system is not perfect. The method is single and the content is lagging, which leads to some college students lack the basic understanding of the connotation of moral evaluation and fails to form a better moral evaluation ability. Therefore, we must aim at the problems existing in the cultivation of the current college students' moral evaluation ability and actively seek solutions to solve them, in order to improve the moral evaluation ability of college students. We should realize its comprehensive development and train qualified builders and successors for the cause of socialism.
This paper systematically investigates the related theories about moral evaluation and moral evaluation ability training at home and abroad, mainly discusses the connotation and significance of the cultivation of College Students' moral evaluation ability, the problems and the reasons for the cultivation of students' moral evaluation ability, and the Countermeasures for the ability training of College Students' Moral evaluation.
From the theoretical and practical significance, the introduction discusses the significance of the topic in this paper, and summarizes the basic views of the thinkers on moral evaluation from the aspects of the standards, methods and objects of moral evaluation, especially the current situation and existing problems of the cultivation of moral evaluation ability of college students. The research method and innovation of this paper.
The first part is to summarize the connotation of moral evaluation, the moral evaluation ability of college students and the cultivation of moral evaluation ability of college students on the basis of the study of moral evaluation by Chinese and foreign thinkers, and to sum up the two aspects of College Students' own development and promotion of social progress in combination with the actual practice of Ideological and moral education in Colleges and universities. The significance of cultivating the moral evaluation ability of college students is beneficial to improve the moral quality of college students, to promote the harmony of interpersonal relationship and to carry forward the spirit of campus culture.
The second part discusses that the current moral education in Colleges and universities has made certain progress from the whole, but there are still many problems in the cultivation of moral evaluation ability, which is mainly reflected in the lack of scientific training ideas and methods. The main reason is that the moral education in Colleges and universities is not strong enough: the moral concept is not suitable. The requirements of the generation, the lack of moral evaluation ability training, the imperfect moral evaluation education system and the unscientific methods of moral evaluation education are unscientific. In addition, the influence of College Students' own values and social factors are also the reasons for the above problems.
The third part, in view of the problems and reasons of the second part, put forward the Countermeasures for the cultivation of moral evaluation ability of college students: first, to realize the transformation of moral education from heavy knowledge to the training of heavy ability, including the importance of establishing moral evaluation in moral education system, strengthening the training of moral cognitive ability, and practice training to improve moral evaluation. Second, to guide the establishment of high moral consciousness and correct moral evaluation concept, such as paying attention to correct values education, guiding college students to establish their own moral evaluation goals, learning to tolerate others, and again, adhering to the correct moral evaluation standards and scientific moral evaluation methods, such as improving the distinction between good and evil and distinguishing right from wrong. Ability, emphasizing the collectivism principle of moral evaluation standard, imparting the scientific method of moral evaluation; finally, optimizing the training environment for college students' moral evaluation ability, including various activities and social practice conditions for creating moral evaluation ability for college students, building campus culture to jointly explore moral evaluation, and occupying a new network moral education. Positions.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G641

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