独立学院窘境的成因及破解问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 21:05

【摘要】：独立学院是在我国高等教育改革与发展中自发形成的新事物，同时也是我国高等教育从精英教育向大众化教育转变的最有效形式之一。它扩宽了高等教育本科层次的教育资源，增添了高等教育的办学活力，同时也满足了人民群众对接受高等教育多样化的需求。独立学院从无到有，是在诸多争论中不断地探索与博弈，最终异军突起。为让独立学院办学得到规范，教育部依据相关法律法规，先后颁布了多项政策条例，并给予五年整改的过渡期。然而，在即将面临教育部的审核之际，绝大部分独立学院在“有否民间资金投入”这一最核心和最基本，作为其存在的法律基础的关键点上，存在着巨大差异，与教育部验收标准相距甚远。若严格执行政策规范，则必有众多独立学院停止办学或被撤销；若不严格执行，则影响国家法律法规的权威。——独立学院的发展陷入进退维谷的窘境。对垒的一方是国家正式颁布的法律法规与政策，另一方则是众多高校的党委领导班子审慎的决定与实施。究竟是前者本身出了问题必然受到的强烈抵制，还是后者“上有政策，下有对策”导致的“政策出不了中南海”？独立学院面临发展窘境，破解该问题势在必行。笔者认为，在与举办独立学院相关的五方主体（举办高校、投资合作方、独立学院管理方以及中央政府和地方政府）之间，各自不同的利益诉求和行为目标所导致的博弈，是该问题产生的内在原因和本质所在。独立学院未来的发展方向，只能依据相关主体间博弈变化来加以重新定位。文章将对与举办独立学院相关的五方主体博弈进行研究，归纳出独立学院窘境的成因，其中包括：学院法律地位、学院管理体制、学院办学模式、学院办学行为。通过研究独立学院各主体的行为目标，探究得出博弈均衡的路径。解决这些问题，首先，，明确独立学院是民办的高等教育机构，合理界定出参与举办者间的产权关系；其次，政府进一步完善独立学院相关政策，从根本上明确独立学院管理运作的体制，建立起社会参与监督、管理的机制；然后，独立学院举办各方严格依法办学，独立学院加强自身建设，提高教育教学质量，最终形成自己的办学特色。
[Abstract]:Independent college is a new thing formed spontaneously in the reform and development of higher education in our country, and it is also one of the most effective forms of the transformation of higher education from elite education to popular education. It broadens the educational resources at the undergraduate level of higher education, increases the vitality of running higher education, and meets the needs of the people for the diversification of higher education. From scratch, independent colleges are constantly exploring and playing games in many debates, and finally sprang up. In order to standardize the running of independent colleges, the Ministry of Education has promulgated a number of policies and regulations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and has given a transition period of five years. However, when facing the examination of the Ministry of Education, the vast majority of independent colleges have great differences in the core and the most basic point of "whether or not private funds are invested", which is the key point of their existence as the legal basis. It is far from the acceptance standard of the Ministry of Education. If we strictly carry out the policies and regulations, many independent colleges will stop running or be abolished. If they are not strictly enforced, the development of independent colleges will fall into a dilemma. One side is the laws, regulations and policies officially promulgated by the state, the other is the prudent decision and implementation of the leading bodies of the Party committees of many colleges and universities. Is it the strong resistance of the former to its own problems, or the fact that the latter "has a policy on the top, and measures to deal with", resulting in "no policy out of Zhongnanhai"? The independent college is faced with the dilemma of development, so it is imperative to solve the problem. The author believes that there are different interests and behavior goals between the five main bodies (the host university, the investment partner, the management of the independent college and the central government and local government) related to the establishment of the independent college. It is the internal cause and essence of the problem. The future development direction of independent colleges can only be reoriented according to the game changes between relevant subjects. In this paper, the author studies the game of the five parties involved in the independent college, and concludes the causes of the dilemma of the independent college, including: the legal status of the college, the management system of the college, the mode of running the school and the behavior of the school. By studying the behavior objectives of the subjects in the independent colleges, we can find out the path of game equilibrium. To solve these problems, first of all, it is clear that the independent college is a private higher education institution, and the property right relationship among the participants is reasonably defined. Secondly, the government further improves the relevant policies of the independent college. It is fundamental to make clear the system of management and operation of independent colleges, and to establish a mechanism for social participation, supervision and management. Then, independent colleges run schools strictly according to law, and independent colleges strengthen their own construction and improve the quality of education and teaching. Finally, the formation of their own school characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G648.7

【参考文献】