创新性整合生理和病理生理实验教学

发布时间：2018-11-11 07:21

【摘要】：创新性整合生理和病理生理实验教学,在硕士研究生教学中应用10余年。教学内容均系任课教师自行设计的技术,如家兔闭胸心内和心外膜及体表心电图同步记录与分析;缺氧对大鼠中枢和神经-肌肉接头及骨骼肌疲劳的影响;心-肾反射活动和肾缺血所致改变等。在完成预设项目基础上,学生设计1到2项不同处理并表述其思想。实验结束,准确标注结果,按论文格式写报告。不能用所掌握知识阐释的结果需提出见解和进一步研究的设想。如在"家兔不同状态闭胸心内和心外膜及体表心电图同步记录与分析"实验,观察到心室内外膜因缺血和血中儿茶酚胺浓度升高的状态下,部分动物发生心室内外膜电活动分裂。在电活动分裂期间,心室内外膜活动的节律和频率各异,体表心电图与心外膜的一致。学生查阅文献尚未见这类心律失常报道。通过和老师讨论,在理解其机制基础上,认识到这类心律失常可致心室内外膜机械活动分裂,心室泵血减少而对整体功能产生影响。继而得出符合逻辑的推理:在临床心导管术时,同步监测患者心内膜电活动和体表心电图,二者的节律和频率不一致,表明心室内外膜发生电活动分裂。学生反映整合性实验课程,使其视野扩展,创新思维以及提出和解决问题的能力得到培养。
[Abstract]:Creative integration of physiology and pathophysiology experiment teaching, applied in graduate teaching for more than 10 years. The teaching contents were all self-designed by teachers, such as the synchronous recording and analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) in closed heart, epicardium and body surface of rabbits, the effects of hypoxia on fatigue of central and neuromuscular joints and skeletal muscles in rats. Changes in cardiac-renal reflex activity and renal ischemia. On the basis of completion of preset projects, students design 1 to 2 different processes and express their ideas. At the end of the experiment, accurately annotate the results and write the report according to the paper format. It is necessary to put forward ideas and ideas for further study if one cannot interpret the results of the knowledge he has mastered. For example, in the experiment of simultaneous recording and analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) in different states of closed heart and epicardial membrane and body surface of rabbits, it was observed that the internal and external ventricular membrane was subjected to ischemia and the concentration of catecholamine in blood was increased. In some animals, the electrical activity of the inner and outer ventricular membrane was divided. The rhythm and frequency of epicardial and epicardial membrane activity were different during the mitosis of electrocardiogram, and the surface electrocardiogram was consistent with that of epicardial membrane. No reports of these arrhythmias have been reported in the literature reviewed by the students. On the basis of understanding the mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias, it is recognized that these arrhythmias can cause the mechanical division of the internal and external membranes of the ventricle and the decrease of ventricular pump blood, which has an impact on the overall function. Then the logical reasoning was obtained: during the clinical cardiac catheterization, the electrocardiogram and the electrical activity of the endocardium were monitored synchronously, the rhythm and frequency of the two were not consistent, which indicated that the electric activity of the inner and outer ventricular membrane was divided. Students reflect the integrated experimental course, so that their horizons, innovative thinking and the ability to ask and solve problems have been developed.
【作者单位】：泸州医学院高等医学教育研究所;泸州医学院病理生理学教研室;泸州医学院生理学教研室;
【分类号】：G642;R363-4

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