重庆市大学生就业影响因素调查研究
发布时间：2018-11-16 16:40
【摘要】：重庆市作为一个新兴成立的直辖市还在不断摸索前进时，大学生的数量随着国家的政策的放宽在增加，扩招与产业结构不相容、就业政策体系不健全、社会保障体系缺失、社会环境不宽松等因素，成为重庆市发展道路上需要面对的严峻的难题。为了更好的了解重庆市大学生就业情况，本文采用问卷调查、统计分析、访谈等研究方法。 重庆市大学生就业呈现一些特点：外省大学生毕业大多愿意选择留在重庆；学历层次越高，就业率越低；大学生就业的主要流向是非国有企业；就业形式逐步面向基层和选择自主创业等。这些特点体现出重庆市需要提供充足的就业岗位，弄清楚学历层次高的大学生就业率低的原因，促使和刺激政府机关和事业单位对人才的吸纳，加快就业保障体系和创业扶持政策的完善。重庆市大学生就业最主要的问题是就业结构性矛盾，，数量的矛盾和结构错位的矛盾，以及大学生的能力和用人单位需求之间的差距和相互之间期望的差距。 为了解决重庆市大学生就业中的问题，确保城市经济社会的可持续发展，和维护社会的和谐稳定，缓解大学生就业带来的压力，从政策、高校和社会环境三个方面来分析重庆市就业存在问题的原因。重庆市根据国家的政策精神，出台实施了一系列推进就业的政策措施：需求政策和促进政策。逐步完善重庆市大学生就业政策体系。这些政策的出台在一定程度上缓解了就业压力和解决了就业矛盾，但在执行和落实上还没有到达最佳的效果，造成了政策形同虚设的恶果，主要原因在于：政策的后续操作性不强；政策落实不到位；政策的配套措施不完善等。高校是培养人才的主阵营，专业设置缺乏科学性，专业结构与产业结构错位等因素从基本上就没能掌握人才需求的根本。就业环境复杂和国企机关大规模改革成为社会环境的因素。 结合影响重庆市大学生就业因素的分析，提升重庆市大学生就业可从以下几方面入手：建立健全就业法律法规体系；完善大学生用人制度和社会保障制度；提高大学生就业政策的可操作性；注重发挥高校的主导作用；着力建设公共服务职能；加强宏观调控职能；加大对中小企业和自主创业的扶持。
[Abstract]:As a newly established municipality directly under the Central Government, the number of college students is increasing with the relaxation of national policies, the enrollment expansion is incompatible with the industrial structure, the employment policy system is not perfect, and the social security system is missing. Social environment is not lenient and other factors, become Chongqing's development road to face a severe problem. In order to better understand the employment situation of college students in Chongqing, this paper adopts questionnaire, statistical analysis, interviews and other research methods. The employment of college students in Chongqing presents some characteristics: most of the graduates from other provinces are willing to stay in Chongqing; the higher the level of education, the lower the employment rate, the main direction of employment of college students is non-state-owned enterprises; The employment form gradually faces the grass roots and chooses the independent enterprise and so on. These characteristics reflect the need for Chongqing to provide sufficient employment posts, to find out the reasons for the low employment rate of college students with high educational levels, and to promote and stimulate the government agencies and institutions to absorb talents. We will speed up the improvement of the employment security system and entrepreneurship support policies. The main problems of employment of college students in Chongqing are the structural contradiction of employment, the contradiction of quantity and the contradiction of structural dislocation, as well as the gap between the ability of college students and the demand of employers and the gap of expectation among them. In order to solve the problems in the employment of college students in Chongqing, to ensure the sustainable development of urban economy and society, to maintain social harmony and stability, to alleviate the pressure brought by the employment of college students, This paper analyzes the causes of employment problems in Chongqing from three aspects of university and social environment. According to the national policy spirit, Chongqing has implemented a series of policies and measures to promote employment: demand policy and promotion policy. Gradually improve the employment policy system of college students in Chongqing. The introduction of these policies to a certain extent alleviated the employment pressure and solved the employment contradiction, but the implementation and implementation of these policies have not yet reached the best effect, resulting in the negative consequences of the policy. The main reasons are as follows: the follow-up operation of the policy is not strong; Policy implementation is not in place; policy supporting measures are not perfect. Colleges and universities are the main camp to train talents. The specialty setup is not scientific and the professional structure and the industrial structure are misplaced, and so on, which basically fail to grasp the root of talent demand. The complex employment environment and the large-scale reform of state-owned institutions have become factors in the social environment. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the employment of college students in Chongqing, we can start with the following aspects: establishing and perfecting the system of employment laws and regulations, perfecting the employment system and social security system of college students; To improve the maneuverability of college students' employment policy; to give play to the leading role of colleges and universities; to focus on the construction of public service functions; to strengthen the macro-control function; to increase the support for small and medium-sized enterprises and independent entrepreneurship.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G647.38
[Abstract]:As a newly established municipality directly under the Central Government, the number of college students is increasing with the relaxation of national policies, the enrollment expansion is incompatible with the industrial structure, the employment policy system is not perfect, and the social security system is missing. Social environment is not lenient and other factors, become Chongqing's development road to face a severe problem. In order to better understand the employment situation of college students in Chongqing, this paper adopts questionnaire, statistical analysis, interviews and other research methods. The employment of college students in Chongqing presents some characteristics: most of the graduates from other provinces are willing to stay in Chongqing; the higher the level of education, the lower the employment rate, the main direction of employment of college students is non-state-owned enterprises; The employment form gradually faces the grass roots and chooses the independent enterprise and so on. These characteristics reflect the need for Chongqing to provide sufficient employment posts, to find out the reasons for the low employment rate of college students with high educational levels, and to promote and stimulate the government agencies and institutions to absorb talents. We will speed up the improvement of the employment security system and entrepreneurship support policies. The main problems of employment of college students in Chongqing are the structural contradiction of employment, the contradiction of quantity and the contradiction of structural dislocation, as well as the gap between the ability of college students and the demand of employers and the gap of expectation among them. In order to solve the problems in the employment of college students in Chongqing, to ensure the sustainable development of urban economy and society, to maintain social harmony and stability, to alleviate the pressure brought by the employment of college students, This paper analyzes the causes of employment problems in Chongqing from three aspects of university and social environment. According to the national policy spirit, Chongqing has implemented a series of policies and measures to promote employment: demand policy and promotion policy. Gradually improve the employment policy system of college students in Chongqing. The introduction of these policies to a certain extent alleviated the employment pressure and solved the employment contradiction, but the implementation and implementation of these policies have not yet reached the best effect, resulting in the negative consequences of the policy. The main reasons are as follows: the follow-up operation of the policy is not strong; Policy implementation is not in place; policy supporting measures are not perfect. Colleges and universities are the main camp to train talents. The specialty setup is not scientific and the professional structure and the industrial structure are misplaced, and so on, which basically fail to grasp the root of talent demand. The complex employment environment and the large-scale reform of state-owned institutions have become factors in the social environment. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the employment of college students in Chongqing, we can start with the following aspects: establishing and perfecting the system of employment laws and regulations, perfecting the employment system and social security system of college students; To improve the maneuverability of college students' employment policy; to give play to the leading role of colleges and universities; to focus on the construction of public service functions; to strengthen the macro-control function; to increase the support for small and medium-sized enterprises and independent entrepreneurship.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G647.38
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 李升红;;高校人事代理制度研究[J];高等理科教育;2009年05期
2 李s
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