思想政治教育中的工具理性和价值理性研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 11:17

【摘要】：历史上不同哲学学派对“理性”有着不一样的理解和运用，马克斯韦伯明确将“合理性”分为工具理性和价值理性两种。工具理性是指行动只由追求功利的动机所驱使，行动借助理性达到自己需要的预期目的，行动者纯粹从效果最大化的角度考虑，而漠视人的情感和精神价值。而价值理性相信的是一定行为的无条件的价值，强调的是动机的纯正和选择正确的手段去实现自己意欲达到的目的，而不管其结果如何。两者作为人类理性的不可或缺的两个组成部分，，各有其特点和职能。但是随着近代西方科学技术和工业的发展，人类对社会物欲的膨胀，作为合理化结果的资本主义社会的经济和政治制度使人完全失去了自主性,成了被动执行系统命令的存在物，工具理性日益占据了人类精神领域的统治地位，而价值理性却日益被漠视、被边缘化，由此人的价值和意义失落了，出现了“工具理性而价值非理性的局面”。因此，科学技术、教育过程中的理性研究具有了现实意义。本文在前人研究的基础上，借助国内外研究文献，从工具理性和价值理性发展和概况入手，结合我国思想政治教育的理论和实践，分析工具理性与价值理性的关系，求证思想政治教育中工具理性和价值理性融合统一的重要意义。全文主要分为四个部分：第一部分工具理性与价值理性的关系，谈到了理性的演进，介绍了工具理性和价值理性的含义及特征。第二部分思想政治教育中工具理性和价值理性存在的冲突及出现冲突的原因。第三部分思想政治教育中工具理性和价值理性的融合统一。第四部分提出实现思想政治教育的工具理性和价值理性融合的途径。
[Abstract]:Different philosophical schools in history have different understanding and application of rationality. Max Weber categorizes rationality into instrumental rationality and value rationality. Instrumental rationality means that action is only driven by the motive of pursuing utilitarianism, action achieves its desired purpose with the aid of reason, and the actors consider it purely from the angle of maximizing the effect, while ignoring the emotional and spiritual values of human beings. The reason of value believes in the unconditional value of certain behavior, emphasizing the purity of motivation and choosing the right means to achieve the purpose of one's own intention, no matter what the result may be. As two indispensable components of human rationality, both have their own characteristics and functions. However, with the development of modern western science and technology and industry, the expansion of human beings' desire for social material, the economic and political system of capitalist society, as a result of rationalization, made people completely lose their autonomy. It has become the existence of passive execution of system commands, instrumental rationality has occupied the dominant position in the field of human spirit day by day, while the value rationality has been ignored and marginalized day by day, thus the value and significance of human beings have been lost. There appeared the situation of instrumental rationality and value irrationality. Therefore, the rational research in the process of science and technology and education has practical significance. On the basis of previous studies, with the help of domestic and foreign research literature, starting with the development and general situation of instrumental rationality and value rationality, combined with the theory and practice of ideological and political education in China, this paper analyzes the relationship between instrumental rationality and value rationality. To verify the importance of the integration of instrumental rationality and value rationality in ideological and political education. The paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the relationship between instrumental rationality and value rationality. It discusses the evolution of rationality and introduces the meaning and characteristics of instrumental rationality and value rationality. The second part is the conflict between instrumental reason and value reason in ideological and political education. The third part is the integration of instrumental rationality and value rationality in ideological and political education. The fourth part puts forward the ways to realize the integration of instrumental rationality and value rationality of ideological and political education.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G641

【相似文献】