论需要理论在高校思想政治教育中的运用

发布时间：2018-12-30 18:06

【摘要】：历史的车轮已经进入了21世纪，在这一新的历史时期，如何增强高校思想政治教育的实效性，是摆在思想政治教育工作者面前的一个重大的亟待解决的现实问题。面对这一问题，本文以需要理论为切入点，详细阐述了最具代表性的马斯洛的需要层次理论和奥尔德弗的ERG理论以及马克思主义的需要理论；立足需要理论，系统分析了需要理论对高校思想政治教育的启示；结合现实，论文比较全面地分析了需要理论在高校思想政治教育运用中存的主要问题并且分析了问题产生的原因；针对需要理论在高校思想政治教育运用中存在的问题和原因，，论文提出了需要理论在高校思想政治教育中运用的原则，并且从理念、内容、方法、载体、机制五个方面详细论述了需要理论在高校思想政治教育中运用的对策。本文总共分为五个部分：第一部分，绪论。主要阐述了研究背景和意义，分析了国内、国外研究现状以及现状评述，提出了研究思路与研究方法，指明了该文的创新之处，为接下来的研究奠定了坚实的基础。第二部分，主要对需要理论进行了概述。首先从需要的内涵入手，阐述了国内外各界对需要内涵的理解；接着分析了需要的特征即需要具有动力性、社会历史性、多样性、发展性以及双重性五个方面特征。在此基础上对马斯洛的需要理论、奥尔德弗的ERG理论以及马克思主义的需要理论进行了概括及评价。第三部分，主要分析了需要理论对高校思想政治教育的启示。首先提出高校思想政治教育要关注大学生最基本的物质需要；紧接着提出高校思想政治教育要善于引导大学生低层次需要向高层次需要的发展；然后提出高校思想政治教育要注重大学生需要的差异性；最后提出高校思想政治教育要引导大学生产生与社会发展方向相一致的需要。第四部分，主要分析了需要理论在高校思想政治教育运用中存在的问题及其成因分析。首先阐述了需要理论在高校思想政治教育运用中存在的问题，包含了以下三个方面：高校思想政治教育针对性与大学生实际需要不相适应；教育者自身素质与时代发展需求存在一定差距；目前教育体制现状与新时期大学生的需求特点不相符。紧接着分析了问题产生的原因即：高校思想政治教育忽视大学生的主体需求；高校思想政治教育忽视需要的动力作用；高校思想政治教育忽视大学生需要产生的社会土壤；第五部分，主要分析了需要理论在高校思想政治教育中运用的原则及其对策。首先阐述了需要理论在高校思想政治教育中运用的原则，包含了以下四个方面：即坚持党性为根本的方向性原则、坚持以人为本的主体性原则、坚持贴近实际的效能性原则以及坚持良性互动服务性原则；紧接着从理念、内容、方法、载体、机制五个方面详细论述了需要理论在高校思想政治教育中运用的对策。
[Abstract]:The wheel of history has entered the 21st century, in this new historical period, how to enhance the effectiveness of the ideological and political education of the university is a major problem to be solved in the face of the ideological and political educators. In the face of this problem, this paper gives a detailed description of the most representative Maslow's need level theory and the Ould's ERG theory and the theory of the need of Marxism, and based on the need theory, The paper analyses the enlightenment of the need of the theory to the ideological and political education of the university, and analyzes the main problems in the application of the ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and analyzes the causes of the problems in combination with the reality and the thesis. In view of the problems and reasons that need the theory to exist in the application of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, the paper puts forward the principle of the application of the theory in the ideological and political education of the university, and from the concept, the content, the method and the carrier, In the five aspects of the mechanism, the countermeasures for the application of the theory in the ideological and political education of the university are discussed in detail. This paper is divided into five parts. Sub-section: Part I In this paper, the background and significance of the research are introduced, the present situation of domestic and foreign research and the review of the present situation are analyzed, and the research ideas and research methods are put forward. The innovation of this paper is pointed out, which lays a solid foundation for the next study. The foundation of the second part, which is mainly about the need of theory. An overview is made. First of all, the paper expounds the understanding of the needs of the various circles at home and abroad, and then analyzes the characteristics that need to have the power, the social history, the diversity, the development and the dualism. On the basis of this, the theory of the needs of Maslow, the ERG theory of Ould and the theory of the need of Marxism are discussed. The third part mainly analyzes the need of the theory to the university's thought The enlightenment of political education is to first put forward that the ideological and political education of the university should pay attention to the most basic material needs of the college students, and then put forward that the ideological and political education of the university should be good for the development of the high-level needs of the college students at a low level, and then put forward that the university's ideological and political education should pay attention to the university The difference of students' needs; finally, it is pointed out that the ideological and political education of colleges and universities should lead the generation and the social development of the college students The fourth part mainly analyses the existence of the need theory in the application of ideological and political education in colleges and universities The problems in the application of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, including the following three aspects: the pertinence of the ideological and political education of the university and the actual needs of the college students, the quality of the educators and the development of the times There is a certain gap in the demand of the exhibition; the current state of the education system and the university of the new period The reason of the problem is that the ideological and political education in colleges and universities ignore the main demand of the college students, and the ideological and political education in colleges and universities ignore the motive force required; the ideological and political education in colleges and universities ignore the college students to be produced The social soil; the fifth part, mainly analyzes the need of the theory in the university's ideological and political education The principle of the application of the theory in the ideological and political education of the university is described in the first part, including the following four aspects: adhering to the principle of the party's basic orientation, adhering to the principle of human-oriented, and adhering to the principle of practical efficiency. Adhere to the principle of benign and interactive service; then, from the five aspects of concept, content, method, carrier and mechanism, we discuss the need theory in the university.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G641

【参考文献】