从缺氧与休克入手进行病理生理学的自主性拓展学习

发布时间：2019-01-30 10:46

【摘要】：医学知识是不断更新和发展的,我们需要培养医学生发现问题、解决问题的能力,包括自主性学习能力和超越课本的拓展学习能力。对于病理生理学主要讨论的教学内容———基本病理过程,缺氧和休克是其中2个重要组成。缺氧分为4种类型,教材以乏氧性缺氧为例阐述缺氧对机体的影响。休克可根据不同的分类方法分为多种类型,教材以失血性休克为例讨论休克的发病机制和发展过程。这些"以××为例"的说明常常不被注意和理解,而其它类型缺氧对机体的影响;其它类型休克的发病机制和发展过程也值得深入探讨。我们以此入手让学生进行自主性拓展学习,在"其它类型缺氧对机体的影响如何"或"其它类型休克的发病机制和发展过程怎样"中任选一种类型进行分组讨论,查阅文献并提交书面报告。本教学实践得到较好的反响,为80.4%的学生所喜爱。反馈信息显示本次实践不仅有利于学生对原有知识的深入理解和新知识的拓展,对于学习兴趣、自学能力和团队合作的培养都很有帮助。今后的教学实践过程可以再加入关于中英文文献查阅的简单培训和台前讲演,锻炼学生的讲演能力,并给听众们更多学习和提问的机会。
[Abstract]:Medical knowledge is constantly updated and developed. We need to cultivate the ability of medical students to find and solve problems, including autonomous learning ability and extended learning ability beyond textbooks. Hypoxia and shock are two important components of the basic pathological process, which is the main teaching content of pathophysiology. Anoxia is divided into four types. The teaching materials take hypoxia as an example to explain the effect of hypoxia on the body. Shock can be divided into many types according to different classification methods. The pathogenesis and development of shock are discussed in the textbook with hemorrhagic shock as an example. These "脳脳" explanations are often ignored and understood, and the effects of other types of hypoxia on the body, and the pathogenesis and development of other types of shock are also worthy of further study. In this way, we allow students to carry out autonomous and extended learning and discuss one type in "how does other types of hypoxia affect the body" or "what is the pathogenesis and development of other types of shock"? Review the literature and submit a written report. The teaching practice is well received and is loved by 80.4% of the students. Feedback information shows that this practice is not only conducive to the students' in-depth understanding of the original knowledge and the expansion of new knowledge, but also to the cultivation of learning interest, self-study ability and teamwork. In the course of teaching practice in the future, we can add simple training and pre-stage lecture on Chinese and English literature review, train students' speaking ability, and give listeners more opportunities to learn and ask questions.
【作者单位】：河北联合大学病理生理学系;
【基金】：河北联合大学教育教学改革研究项目(No.Q1169-09)
【分类号】：G642;R363-4

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