培养理性的行动者——高等教育目的再思考

发布时间：2019-07-22 19:40

【摘要】：统一性的高等教育目的不但可以整合高等教育中的各种冲突,而且对于论述高等教育的合法性至关重要。在高等教育中,长期存在两种相互冲突的目的观:内在目的与外在目的。前者认为知识本身就是人们想获得的东西,与外在功用无关,强调为学术而学术。后者认为人们追求知识是为了获得其他进一步的目的,强调学生利益或社会利益。高等教育的本质是培养专业化的社会行动者,给行动者以理性是高等教育的真谛。根据行动者的理性成熟度,我们可以把高等教育目的分为三个层次:经济理性、道德理性、思辨理性。把高等教育目的转化为大学教育的最终目标,可以形成了一个大学教育目标清单:表达能力、就业技能、道德推理能力、公民意识、批判性思维能力、理性气质。
[Abstract]:The purpose of unified higher education can not only integrate all kinds of conflicts in higher education, but also be very important to discuss the legitimacy of higher education. In higher education, there are two contradictory views of purpose for a long time: internal purpose and external purpose. The former holds that knowledge itself is what people want to acquire, has nothing to do with external function, and emphasizes academic and academic. The latter holds that people pursue knowledge for other further purposes, emphasizing the interests of students or society. The essence of higher education is to train professional social actors, and it is the true meaning of higher education to give reason to actors. According to the rational maturity of actors, we can divide the purpose of higher education into three levels: economic rationality, moral rationality and speculative rationality. Transforming the purpose of higher education into the ultimate goal of university education can form a list of university education goals: expression ability, employment skills, moral reasoning ability, civic consciousness, critical thinking ability, rational temperament.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学教育学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“面向创新驱动发展战略的高校人才培养模式改革研究”(71373274)的研究成果
【分类号】：G640

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