中国地区高等教育投入效率与效果研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 09:00

本文关键词：中国地区高等教育投入效率与效果研究　出处：《南开大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高等教育对于一个国家或地区而言具有十分重要的意义，不仅能够为其发展提供高素质的合格人才，而且是创新的源泉，能够为科研基础和创新能力提供保障，而后者又是在以知识为基础的全球经济环境中，决定一国竞争力的重要因素。一个国家或地区的发展与其自身的高等教育水平之间存在着密切的联系。很长时间以来，高等教育对于社会发展、经济发展、以及文化的发展都具有重要的贡献。因此，世界各国均十分重视高等教育的投入与发展。改革开放后，中国的教育事业进入了高速发展的新阶段，高等教育取得长足进步，逐渐建立起与社会经济发展相适应的多种层次、多种形式的、学科门类基本齐全的高等教育体系，为国家的经济建设与科技进步提供了大量的专业人才，，同时，高等教育的规模也得到较大提升。并且，政府与社会各方面对于高等教育的重视程度与日俱增。尤其是近十多年来，中国高等教育更是进入了大规模高速发展的阶段。在高教育规模不断扩大的同时，研究者与社会公众对于高等教育投入效率的关注也逐渐加大。中国仍是发展中国家，一方面迫切需要大量的高素质创新型人才以及创新能力的提升，另一方面对于高等教育的投入能力还较为有限。因此较为稀缺的高等教育资源投入如何能够被有效率地使用就成为亟待解决的重要问题。同时，高等教育的发展对于经济增长与地区创新能力的实际影响作用也有待于实证的检验。因而，研究中国高等教育投入的效率问题及其对于经济发展与地区创新的作用就具有较为重要的理论意义与现实意义。本文基于中国高等教育发展的历史与现实，以及对相关理论研究的总结与归纳，使用中国1998年至2008年的省级面板数据，对中国高等教育投入的效率与效果，以及投入与投入效率的区域差异问题，进行了实证分析与评估。本文的整体结构共分八章。第一章为绪论，对本文的整体研究做概况性的基本介绍。第二章为文献综述，对国内外相关领域的已有文献进行总结与梳理。重点关注高等教育投入效率的研究与测算，高等教育的经济效果，即对经济增长与创新能力的影响作用的研究评估。第三章对高等教育、高等教育投入、高等教育投入效率的基本内涵进行了介绍。并对中国高等教育投入效果从经济增长效果与区域创新效果等方面分别进行了阐述。第四章对本文所采用的评价高等教育投入效率与效果的相关方法进行了归纳与介绍。主要包括数据包络分析、超效率数据包络分析、Malmquist指数、面板数据回归、基于群组的基尼系数分解等方法的基本原理与测算方法。第五章从中国各地区高等教育投入对于经济增长的影响，以及中国各地区高等教育投入对地区创新能力的影响两个维度，运用面板回归方法，分别进行了实证研究与检验。第六章对中国各地区高等教育的投入效率进行了实证测算与评价，并对中国各地区高等教育投入效率随时间的动态变化进行了测算与评估。第七章对中国高等教育投入的地区差异与投入效率的地区差异进行了测算，并对差异按照地区进行了分解研究。第八章对本文所做研究的结论进行了汇总，并从整体上提出了相关的政策建议。通过本文的相关研究，可以得到对中国高等教育投入效率与效果，以及区域差异的较为完整的认识与评价。从而为了解中国高等教育的发展现状以及高等教育如何更好地融入地区经济社会发展提供理论依据与决策参考。
[Abstract]:Higher education has very important significance for a country or region, can not only provide high-quality development qualified personnel for it, and is the source of innovation, to provide guarantee for the scientific research and innovation ability, and the latter is in a knowledge-based global economy environment, an important factor in determining the competitiveness of a country. There is a close relationship between the development of a country or a region with its own level of higher education. For a long time, the higher education for the social development, economic development, has important contribution and cultural development. Therefore, all countries in the world attach great importance to investment and development of higher education.
After the reform and opening up, China education has entered a new stage of rapid development, higher education has made great progress, gradually establish a multi-level and adapt to social and economic development, a variety of forms, complete the basic disciplines of higher education system, to provide a large number of professional talents, for the national economic development and the progress of science and technology at the same time, the scale of higher education has been greatly improved. Moreover, the government and the society attention for higher education. Grow with each passing day especially in the past more than 10 years, Chinese higher education is in the large-scale high-speed development stage.
In higher education is expanding at the same time, researchers and the public to gradually increase the efficiency of investment in higher education. China attention is still a developing country, on the one hand in urgent need of a large number of high-quality innovative talents and promoting innovation ability, on the other hand for the higher education investment capacity is still limited. Therefore more scarce higher education how resources can be used effectively becomes an important problem to be solved. At the same time, the actual effect of the development of higher education to economic growth and regional innovation ability has to be empirical inspection. Therefore, research on the efficiency of investment in higher education and Chinese has more important theoretical significance and practical significance for the role of regional economic development and innovation.
In this paper, the history and reality of the development of Chinese based on higher education, and the related theoretical research and summary, using provincial panel data from 1998 to 2008 China, on the efficiency and effect of Chinese investment in higher education, and the regional difference of investment and investment efficiency, the empirical analysis and evaluation.
The overall structure of this paper consists of eight chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, the whole of this study will be presented. The general situation of the second chapter is a literature review of existing literatures at home and abroad were summarized and combed. Focus on higher education investment and the efficiency of calculation, higher education and economic effect, i.e. the effect of economic growth and innovation ability of evaluation. The third chapter of the higher education, higher education investment, higher education investment efficiency were introduced. And the basic connotation of higher education investment China effect from the effect of economic growth and regional innovation effect were discussed. The fourth chapter to the method the evaluation of higher education investment efficiency and effect are summarized and introduced. Including data envelopment analysis, super efficiency data envelopment analysis, Malmquist index, panel data regression, The basic principle and calculating method of Gini coefficient decomposition method based on the group. The fifth chapter from various regions of China higher education investment for economic growth, and regional development of higher education Chinese investment impact on regional innovation capability in two dimensions, using panel regression method, are studied and an empirical test. In the sixth chapter, investment the efficiency of higher education in different regions China of measurement and evaluation and empirical, dynamic changes of regional China higher education investment efficiency with time was calculated and evaluated. The differences of the seventh chapter on the difference China area of higher education investment and investment efficiency are calculated, and the decomposition of differences of the region were in accordance with the the eighth chapter of this paper. The research conclusions are summarized, and relevant policy suggestions are put forward from the whole.
Through this research, can get to the Chinese higher education investment efficiency and effect, understanding and evaluation of complete and regional differences. So as to understand the development status of China higher education and higher education how to better integrate into the local economic and social development to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference.

【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.2

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