中世纪欧洲大学生学习及生活费用的考察

发布时间：2018-02-15 11:45

本文关键词： 中世纪欧洲大学生生活与学习费用　出处：《世界历史》2012年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：大学日常生活史愈益为当代学者所关注。本文则主要对一位中世纪欧洲大学生的总花费及各项主要费用在其中所占的比例作了大致的估算。从总体来看,在中世纪欧洲各大学,膳宿费、获得学位所支出的各项费用和听课费占了大学生花费的绝大部分,而现代大学中学生每学年开学交纳的高额入学注册费在中世纪大学则微乎其微。而且,不同时代、不同地区、不同专业、不同阶层的大学生的花费亦有差别。大学通常本着贫富有别的原则收费,从而使贫富学生获得相对等同的教育机会,而教俗统治者和富人的捐资助学也为学生完成大学教育作出了贡献。可见,让贫穷学生进入大学并完成其学业可以不必通过降低收费标准,而是可以通过减免或免除其部分费用的方法来实现。但总的来看,在中世纪欧洲,就读大学的费用是昂贵的,绝大部分大学生仍然是占人口极少数的富有阶层的子弟。
[Abstract]:The daily life history of a university is increasingly concerned by contemporary scholars. This paper gives an approximate estimate of the total cost of a medieval European college student and the proportion of the major expenses. In general, in medieval European universities, The cost of board and accommodation, the expenses of getting a degree, and the cost of attending classes accounted for the vast majority of college students' expenses, while the high fees paid by middle school students for admission at the beginning of the academic year were minimal in medieval universities. And, at different times, There are differences in the cost of college students from different regions, different majors, and different classes. Universities usually charge fees on the basis of the principle that rich and poor have different kinds of fees, thus giving rich and poor students a relatively equal educational opportunity. And the contributions of the secular rulers and the rich have also contributed to the completion of college education. It can be seen that allowing poor students to enter and complete their studies does not have to be done by lowering fees. But in medieval Europe, college education was expensive, and the vast majority of college students were still the children of a very small minority of the rich.
【作者单位】：上海大学文学院历史学系;
【基金】：上海大学“211工程”第三期项目“转型期中国的民间文化生态”资助
【分类号】：G649.5;K503

【参考文献】