民国新闻教育思想研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 04:32

本文关键词： 民国时期新闻教育新闻教育思想新闻人才　出处：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国新闻教育的出现,与本国新闻事业的发展以及西方新闻教育的影响有着千丝万缕的联系,同时,新闻教育工作者对新闻教育价值和意义的追寻也直接扮演了“催生剂”的角色。民初,我国新闻事业存在诸多弊病,业界又亟需高素养的新闻专门人才。面对如此矛盾,一批有识之士怀着强烈的社会责任感,纷纷主张开展新闻教育培养专才,从而促进新闻事业的发展和社会的进步。在他们的不懈努力下,北京大学新闻学研究会于1918年成立,它的成立宣告了中国新闻教育的发端。此后,圣约翰大学报学系、燕京大学新闻系、复旦大学新闻系等大批新闻院系纷纷创建,其办学目的无外乎养成服务社会的新闻专才。从这一目的出发,民国新闻教育工作者们确立了术、学、德三位一体的教育内容。他们不但强调专业技能的训练,还注重学生常识的养成,注重培养报业通才。除此之外,新闻职业精神和新闻道德教育也受到了同等重视。教学方法方面,他们鼓励学生动手操作,强调理论与实践相结合。为此,有条件的新闻院系创办了自己的报纸、通讯社、新闻馆等供学生实习。为了改进新闻教育,民国新闻教育工作者提出了致用与学术兼顾、学界与业界协作、新闻教育本土化的办法。这一时期,他们还主张普及新闻教育,培养人们对媒介的认知和理解能力,这在某种程度上可以看作是媒介素养教育思想的萌芽。受历史环境的影响,民国新闻教育思想始终体现出了强烈的社会责任感。从办学宗旨、教育内容、教学方法等因素来看,新闻教育职业化思想在这一时期也初步形成。同时,民国新闻教育思想在对西方新闻教育思想进行移植、模仿、批判、改造的过程中呈现出了“文化适应”的某些特征。总体来说,民国新闻教育思想含有促进中国新闻教育和新闻事业现代化的因素。它不仅为我国新闻教育赋予了人文精神,还引起了人们对媒介素养教育的重视,更推动了中国新闻事业的职业化进程。但受历史条件的制约,民国新闻教育思想又具有一定的局限性,即新闻教育工作者虽然再三强调学术与致用应当兼顾,但从课程设置和教学环节来看,他们更加注重养成学生的专业技能。尽管如此,当下新闻教育改革依然可以从前人的思想成果中得到启示：加强新闻精神和道德教育、注重理论与实践的结合、重视培养公民的媒介素养、培养一专多能型新闻人才。
[Abstract]:The emergence of journalism education in China is closely related to the development of journalism in China and the influence of journalism education in the West. At the same time, The pursuit of the value and significance of journalism education by journalists also directly plays the role of "catalyst". At the beginning of the Republic of China, there were many drawbacks in journalism in our country, and the industry needed highly qualified journalism professionals. With a strong sense of social responsibility, a group of people of insight advocated the development of journalism education and the training of professionals in order to promote the development of journalism and social progress. With their unremitting efforts, the Journalism Research Society of Peking University was established in 1918. It announced the beginning of journalism education in China. Since then, a large number of journalism departments, such as the Department of Journalism at St. John University, the Department of Journalism at Yanjing University and the Department of Journalism at Fudan University, have been established. The purpose of running a school is nothing more than to cultivate the journalism professionals who serve the society. With this purpose in mind, the journalists of the Republic of China have established the educational content of the trinity of skill, learning and virtue. They not only emphasize the training of professional skills, They also pay attention to the cultivation of students' common sense and to the training of generalists in the newspaper industry. In addition, the journalistic professionalism and journalistic moral education have also received equal attention. In terms of teaching methods, they encourage students to do practical work. Emphasizing the combination of theory and practice. To this end, qualified journalism departments have set up their own newspapers, news agencies and news halls for students to practice. In order to improve news education, journalists in the Republic of China have proposed to give both application and academic consideration. In this period, they also advocated popularizing journalism education and cultivating people's cognition and understanding of media, which can be regarded as the germination of media literacy education to some extent. Influenced by the historical environment, the thought of journalism education in the Republic of China has always reflected a strong sense of social responsibility. From the point of view of the purpose of running a school, the content of education, teaching methods and other factors, the thought of professionalization of journalism education was initially formed in this period. At the same time, In the process of transplanting, imitating, criticizing and reforming the thought of journalism education in the Republic of China, the thought of journalism education in the Republic of China has shown some characteristics of "cultural adaptation". The thought of journalism education in the Republic of China contains the factors to promote the modernization of news education and journalism in China. It not only gives the humanistic spirit to journalism education in China, but also causes people to attach importance to the education of media literacy. It also promoted the professionalization of journalism in China. However, under the constraints of historical conditions, the thought of journalism education in the Republic of China has some limitations, that is, although journalists repeatedly emphasize that both academic and practical use should be taken into account, However, from the perspective of curriculum and teaching, they pay more attention to developing students' professional skills. However, the current reform of journalism education can still be inspired by the achievements of predecessors: strengthening journalistic spirit and moral education. Pay attention to the combination of theory and practice, pay attention to the cultivation of media literacy of citizens, cultivate a multi-skilled journalistic talents.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G649.29;G210-4

【参考文献】