课程论视野下中国教会大学的阶段性分析

发布时间：2018-03-02 12:48

本文选题：教会大学　切入点：教育目标　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国教会大学是由西方传教士开办的中国近代高等教育机构,伴随着西方殖民者的脚步来到中国,经过20世纪初期到中期的联合与发展,日渐成为在中国处于领先地位的大学,直到1952年在院系调整的洪流中退出中国历史舞台。在长达半个多世纪的发展历程里,西方的高等教育理念、管理体制、课程体系与教学方法都被教会大学引入中国,其客观上引领着中国早期高等教育的发展。自20世纪80年代,中国大陆历史学家、教育史家、社会文化学者等陆续从文化交流史、教育史等学科视角对教会大学做历史样态描述、消极或积极影响评述等研究,或对单个教会大学做案例研究,取得了丰硕的研究成果,如认为教会大学在中国的发展经历了初创时期、联合时期、立案时期,课程设置经历了“世俗化、正规化、中国化”等不同阶段；但若从课程论视角重新分析这三个阶段,我们会有许多非常有意义的新发现：课程论是在知识社会学和教育社会学交汇之下研究不同政治环境、不同社会阶段、不同学校培养目标定位与知识选择和组织之间互动有效性的学科,其最经典的学科意识表达即是学界熟知的“什么知识最有价值?”和“谁的知识最有价值?”。用“课程论”的解释范式做分析工具,我们会发现在三个不同的时期,教会大学的教育目标定位与表述经历了比较明显的变化,从最初的传播福音到最终为中国社会服务；同时,作为实现这些变化的最主要手段,其对知识的选择与组织也相应调整,表现为其对相应的课程体系进行了不断改革。但无论如何改变,其宗教大学的本质属性都必然地决定了其知识选择与课程体系的宗教性、西方性、文化输出性,这与“中国”作为独立“民族国家”的自主需要必然南辕北辙、冲突日剧。因为只有教育目标与知识选择、课程设置符合民族国家政治、社会需要的大学才有空间发展和壮大。当然,唯政治论的大学发展论会危机民族国家的真实进步和民族理性的发展与培育。只有大学的目标定位与知识选择、课程体系设置适度地关照到国家政治、民间社会、学生及家长等各方利益相关者诉求时,这样的大学才能与国家进步、社会改良形成良性互动,才能稳固生存和健康发展。这是从课程论视野分析、研究教会大学历史的现实意义。论文尝试以课程论为研究视角,对教会大学的不同阶段的教育目标变化的原因、来源,课程内容的选择,以及怎样来衡量目标达成度,并具体以齐鲁大学、燕京大学为例,对我国现在的综合研究型大学课程改革提出些许建议。全文共分为六个部分：第一章为绪论部分,提出研究目的,总结国内外的研究现状,介绍研究内容与方法以及相关概念的界定。第二、三章则是分别对教会大学的发展历程、属性、教育目标、传播知识的选择进行了梳理分析。第四、五章分别从横向和纵向的角度对教会大学在不同时期的教育目标与课程设置进行了比较分析。最后在第六章通过对前几章的归纳总结得出教会大学课程设置动态化的启示。
[Abstract]:China Church University is run by the western missionaries Chinese modern institutions of higher education, with the western colonists came to China steps through joint development, and early to mid twentieth Century, becoming a leading position in the Chinese university until 1952 in the Department of history of the whole tone exit Chinese torrent. In the course of development for half a more than a century, higher education philosophy, western management system, curriculum system and teaching methods have been introduced into the Church University Chinese, objectively leads the development of higher education China early.
Since 1980s, China, historians, scholars and historians of education, social and cultural succession from the history of cultural exchange, education history from the perspective of the Church University history state description, research on the influence of negative or positive, or to do a case study of a single Church University, has achieved fruitful results, such as that of university development in the church China has experienced start-up period, with period, filing period, the curriculum has experienced "secularization, standardization, different stages of Chinese"; but from the theory of curriculum re analysis of the three stage, we will have many new discoveries of great significance: the curriculum theory is the study of different political environment in the intersection of science knowledge sociology and social education under different social stages, different schools to cultivate the effectiveness of interaction between disciplines orientation and selection and organization of knowledge, the most classic subject meaning General expression is well-known scholars, "what knowledge is of most worth?" and "whose knowledge is the most valuable?". The analysis tools used in "curriculum theory" paradigm, we will find that in three different periods, education target positioning and expression of Christian University changed significantly from the beginning, the propagation of the Gospel to the final Chinese for social services; at the same time, as the main means of implementing these changes, the selection and organization of knowledge is also adjusted accordingly, the performance of its reform on the corresponding curriculum system. But in any case, the essential attributes of religious university must decide the religion and the choice of knowledge and curriculum system of the western culture, the output, and the "China" as an independent "Nation-State" autonomy inevitable conflict and drama. Because only the education goal and the choice of knowledge class Is in line with the national political and social needs of the University have the space to develop and grow. Of course, the only political theory on the development of university crisis national real progress and national rational development and cultivation. Orientation and choice of knowledge only the university curriculum system setting appropriate attention to national politics, civil society the students and their parents, and other stakeholders demands, so can university and national progress, improved social interaction, in order to secure the survival and healthy development. This is from the perspective of curriculum and practical significance to study the history of Christian universities.
This paper tries to study from the perspective of curriculum theory, the source of the reason, the different stages of the education goal changes on church colleges, curriculum content selection, and how to measure the objectives, and specific to the Qilu University of Yenching University, for example, to put forward some suggestions for university comprehensive study of present curriculum reform in our country. Is divided into six parts:
The first chapter is the introduction, put forward the purpose of the study, summarizes the research status at home and abroad, introduces the research contents and methods and the definition of related concepts. The second, third chapter is the development of Christian University respectively, the attribute of educational goals, the dissemination of knowledge of the selection of carding analysis. The fourth, fifth chapter respectively from horizontal and vertical angles of the church in different periods of education goals and curriculum comparison analysis. Finally in the sixth chapter, we summarizes enlightenment dynamic setting of universities courses for the first few chapters of the induction.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G649.29

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