高校思想政治教育过程中大学生的心理阻抗及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 04:06

本文选题：思想政治教育　切入点：大学生　出处：《西南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：思想政治教育过程中的心理阻抗就是学生在思想政治教育过程中对思想政治教育者、教育内容、教育形式、教育过程、教育策略等出现的内隐或外显的对抗行为,是对在思想政治教育影响下要做出的某种行为及认知改变的拒绝,通常表现出对思想政治教育的排斥行为和反感情绪。近年来,大学生的思想政治教育问题备受党和政府以及高校的重视,但教育实践效果不佳,其重要原因在于部分大学生对思想政治教育过程存在“心理阻抗”。目前,思想政治教育理论研究主要集中在思想政治教育的基本内涵、基本理念、目标内容、机制模式、实施途径和措施、影响因素、队伍建设及心理健康教育等方面,已有研究只是从宏观层面提出富有建设性的思路,对思想政治教育工作起着很好的指导意义。但在微观层面,我们多数研究者和一线思想政治教育工作者缺乏对思想政治教育过程中的心理互动关系、受教育者的内心感知和接受、心理发生机制、情感互动机制、环境影响机制以及解决心理阻抗的具体措施进行深层次探讨,这制约了高校思想政治教育工作的发展。关注和研究思想政治教育过程中大学生的心理阻抗现象,可以丰富和拓展思想政治教育的研究领域,推动思想政治教育学科发展,同时从心理发生机制的角度探讨思想政治教育过程中心理阻抗现象的内涵、本质及表现,可为今后解决思想政治教育过程中的瓶颈问题提供理论支撑,同时在实践层面将研究者和一线思想政治教育工作者的注意力引向解决思想政治教育过程中的心理阻抗问题上来,为深化思想政治教育模式、方法、策略研究和开辟全新的思想政治教育状态有重要意义。本文采用文献研究法、案例法、观察法、调查法、比较法对高校思想政治教育实践和理论研究现状、一般教育过程中学生心理阻抗的研究现状进行系统梳理,提出思想政治教育过程中大学生的心理阻抗问题,着重对其内涵、心理发生机制、心理因素、外在原因、具体表现以及应对策略进行深入探讨。研究认为,思想政治教育过程中大学生的心理阻抗现象产生的心理机制包括负性移情、潜抑机制、超我阻抗机制、成长中的痛苦等,其心理因素包括大学生已有认知和思维模式、负面情绪情感、意志力薄弱、个体需要、个性心理存在的弱点,在表现形式上主要体现在对思想政治教育内容、方法及形式、教育机制存在心理阻抗：同时研究认为思想政治教育工作者的缺陷、教育内容及要求的不足、教育机制、方法、策略的落后、教育环境的恶化等是诱发思想政治教育过程中大学生产生心理阻抗的主要外在原因。在应对策略的探讨上,研究认为应从思想政治教育队伍建设、优化思想政治教育内容、研究运用科学的教育策略和方法、改善思想政治教育环境四方面入手,实现思想政治教育队伍“专家化”,切实消除学生心理负面情绪,提高思想政治教育效率,发挥社会系统功能,从而有效克服思想政治教育过程中大学生的心理阻抗现象,促进高校思想政治教育工作进一步取得实效。
[Abstract]:The Psychological Impedance of the process of Ideological and political education is the students, the ideological and political education in the process of Ideological and political education in the form of education, educational content, educational process, educational strategies such as implicit or explicit behavior of a confrontation, behavior and cognition in Ideological and Political Education under the influence of the change of the refuse to do usually, the rejection of the ideological and political education behavior and resentment. In recent years, the problem of Ideological and political education of college students by the party and the government and universities, but the education effect is poor, the most important reason is that some students "psychological resistance" in the process of Ideological and political education. At present, the theory research on the ideological and political education mode mainly focus on the basic connotation of the ideological and political education of the basic idea, goal, mechanism, factors, ways and measures of implementation, influence, team building and mental health education Education, the existing research is to put forward constructive ideas from the macro level, and has a very good guiding significance for the ideological and political education work. But at the micro level, the majority of our researchers and front-line workers of Ideological and political education lack the relation of psychological interaction in Ideological and political education, the educated and the inner perception accept, mechanism of psychological, emotional interaction mechanism, the influence mechanism of environment and specific measures to solve the Psychological Impedance for deeper study, which restrict the development of Ideological and political education work. Pay attention to and study the thought of psychological resistance phenomenon of College Students' Political Education in the process, can enrich and expand the research field of Ideological and political education, promote the development of the subject of Ideological and political education, the connotation of psychological resistance phenomenon of the process of Ideological and political education and psychological mechanism from the angle, the quality and performance In the future, for solving the bottleneck problem of the process of Ideological and political education to provide theoretical support, but in practice the researchers and front-line workers of Ideological and political education attention to solve the problem of psychological resistance in Ideological and political education, to deepen the ideological and political education mode, method, significance of research and development strategy of Ideological and political education a new state.
This article uses the literature research method, case analysis method, observation method, investigation method, comparative method of Ideological and political education theory and practice research, systematically study the current situation of Middle School Psychological Impedance general education process, proposed college students ideological and political education in the process of psychological resistance problem, focusing on the connotation, psychological mechanism the specific performance factors, external factors and coping strategies are discussed. It is suggested that the psychological mechanism of psychological resistance phenomenon of College Students' Ideological and political education in the process include negative transference, inhibition mechanism, mechanism of growth of the superego impedance, pain, psychological factors include students' existing cognitive and thinking mode, negative emotion, weak willpower, individual needs, personality and psychological weakness in the form of performance is mainly reflected in the ideological and political education content, method and form, The existence of psychological education mechanism. At the same time that impedance defects of the ideological and political education workers, lack of education, the contents and requirements of the education mechanism, method, strategy of education backward, the deterioration of the environment are the main external causes of College Students' Ideological and political education in the process induced by psychological impedance. On coping strategies, study should be considered thought the political education team construction, optimizing the content of Ideological and political education, research by the education of scientific strategies and methods, improve the ideological and political education environment four aspects of Ideological and political education team of "experts", to eliminate the psychological negative emotions, improve the efficiency of Ideological and political education, social system function, so as to effectively overcome the psychological phenomenon of impedance students in the process of Ideological and political education, to promote ideological and political education work to achieve tangible results.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

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