高校国防教育存在的主要问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 05:10

本文选题：高校国防教育　切入点：问题　出处：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：国防教育是自古就有的教育现象,它伴随着国家的产生而产生。在我国,全民国防教育曾经有过高潮和低谷,改革开放为新时代全民国防教育开辟了新的春天。学校的国防教育是全民国防教育的基础,是实施素质教育的重要内容。随着高校国防教育改革的不断深入,许多问题不断显现出来,要求我们深入思考,勇于创新,不断提高高校国防教育的整体质量。针对当前高校国防教育存在的突出问题,国家有关部门、高等院校、学术界进行了大量的研究和反思,从理论上不断总结经验、探索改革思路,从实践上进行了大胆的改革。配合我军新军事变革的步伐,高等院校的国防教育有了许多的新举措,同时也发现了许多新问题。本文的研究,简要概括了当前国内外关于高校国防教育的研究情况,分析了高校国防教育对于国防事业、民族精神、大学生素质培养和高校自身发展的重要意义,对当前高校国防教育存在的若干问题进行了分析和整理,认为当前存在着对高校国防教育的指导思想认识不准确、高校国防教育的组织领导机制不科学、高校国防教育内容不丰富不全面、高校国防教育方式方法单一和缺乏针对性等主要问题。针对这些问题,本文提出,首先要大力纠正高校国防教育指导思想上的认识偏差,要坚持将服务国防的最终目的放在高校国防教育功能的首位,在此基础上,充分重视高校国防教育对提高大学生综合素质的作用,要将爱国主义教育作为高校国防教育的灵魂,要切实将国防教育作为大学生在校学习的重要组成部分,要充分肯定国防教育对形成良好校风所起的积极推动作用；其次要深化改革高校国防教育的组织领导体制,分清职责,加强保障,建立科学评价体系,加强师资队伍建设,建立多渠道培训机制；再次,要系统整合和不断丰富国防教育训练内容,在技能训练、理论传授、思想灌输三个方面下功夫；最后,要大力改进教育训练方法,坚持院校与部队相结合,坚持训练与讲授相结合,坚持第一课堂与第二、第三课堂相结合,走信息化军训之路,组织军训大学生到部队参观见习。本文在参考借鉴理论界大量文献的基础上,提出有许多创新价值的观点,如从指导思想上纠正对高校国防教育认识偏差是提高高校国防教育总体质量的基本前提；要将服务国防的宗旨放在高校国防教育全部功能的首位；要将国防教育的内容划分为技能训练、理论传授、思想灌输三个部分,要突出国防观等思想灌输的内容；要坚持与部队的征兵制度、军事文化、典型武器装备相结合等。笔者相信,这些创新以及对问题和对策的系统整理,对于提高当前高校国防教育质量水平有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:National defense education is an educational phenomenon since ancient times, which came into being with the emergence of the country.In our country, the national defense education of the whole people has had its ebb and flow, and the reform and opening up has opened up a new spring for the national defense education of the whole people in the new era.National defense education in schools is the foundation of national defense education and the important content of quality education.With the deepening of the reform of national defense education in colleges and universities, many problems appear constantly, which requires us to think deeply, to innovate and to improve the overall quality of national defense education in colleges and universities.In view of the outstanding problems existing in the current national defense education in colleges and universities, the relevant departments of the state, colleges and universities and academic circles have carried out a great deal of research and reflection, summed up their experiences in theory, explored the ideas of reform, and carried out bold reforms in practice.With the pace of the new military reform in our army, there are many new measures and problems in national defense education in colleges and universities.This paper briefly summarizes the current research situation of national defense education in colleges and universities at home and abroad, and analyzes the important significance of national defense education in colleges and universities for national defense, national spirit, quality training of college students and the development of colleges and universities themselves.This paper analyzes and sorts out some problems existing in the current national defense education in colleges and universities, and holds that there is an inaccurate understanding of the guiding ideology of national defense education in colleges and universities, and that the organization and leadership mechanism of national defense education in colleges and universities is not scientific.The contents of national defense education in colleges and universities are not rich and comprehensive, the ways and methods of national defense education in colleges and universities are single and lack of pertinence and so on.In view of these problems, this paper puts forward that, first of all, we should make great efforts to correct the cognitive bias in the guiding ideology of national defense education in colleges and universities, and insist on putting the ultimate goal of serving national defense in the first place in the function of national defense education in colleges and universities, on the basis of which,We should pay full attention to the role of national defense education in colleges and universities in improving the comprehensive quality of college students, regard patriotism education as the soul of national defense education in colleges and universities, and take national defense education as an important part of college students' study in school.It is necessary to fully affirm the positive role that national defense education plays in the formation of a good school spirit; secondly, to deepen the reform of the organizational leadership system of national defense education in colleges and universities, to distinguish responsibilities, to strengthen security, to establish a scientific evaluation system, and to strengthen the building of a contingent of teachers.Thirdly, we should systematically integrate and enrich the contents of national defense education and training, and make great efforts in skills training, theoretical teaching, and ideological indoctrination. Finally, we should make great efforts to improve the methods of education and training.We must persist in the combination of academies and troops, the combination of training and teaching, and the combination of the first class with the second and the third, and take the road of information military training, and organize military training students to visit the army.Based on the reference of a large number of theoretical literature, this paper puts forward many innovative points of view, such as correcting the deviation of understanding of national defense education in colleges and universities from the guiding ideology is the basic premise to improve the overall quality of national defense education in colleges and universities;The aim of serving national defense should be put in the first place of the whole function of national defense education in colleges and universities, the content of national defense education should be divided into three parts: skill training, theory imparting, thought indoctrination, and so on.It is necessary to adhere to the military conscription system, military culture, typical weapons and equipment, and so on.The author believes that these innovations and systematic arrangement of problems and countermeasures have certain reference value for improving the quality of national defense education in colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

【引证文献】