大学生生存理由及其对自杀意念的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 06:27

本文选题：大学生 + 生存理由　；参考：《中南大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：目的：(1)修订生存理由量表,建立生存理由量表的中文版,并检验其在国内大学生中的信效度；(2)了解国内大学生生存理由及其对自杀意念的影响,找到有效促进大学生自杀防控的关键方法。方法：(1)中文版生存理由量表在国内大学生中的信效度研究由湖南省某六所高校共2166名大学生参与完成。4周后,140名大学生参加了重测。信度检验采用Cronbach's α系数、条目与分量表分相关和重测信度。效度检验包括结构效度(探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析及分量表分相关)和内容效度(聚合效度及区分效度)。(2)随后的研究由湖南某六所高校2951名大学生参与完成。所用统计方法：描述性统计、t检验、F检验、回归分析。结果：(1)中文版生存理由量表总量表Cronbach'sα系数为0.94；各因子α系数在0.74-0.94之间；总量表的重测信度为0.75,各因子重测信度在0.65-0.87；条目与相应的因子相关系数在0.67-0.93之间。验证性因子分析的指标均达到测量学要求。区分效度和聚合效度满意。(2)大学生样本在SCB、RFF、CRC维度上的得分较高。(3)生存理由的年级主效应不显著,大学生生存理由的年级与专业类型、学习情况、专业喜欢程度、有无宗教信仰、性别、生源地变量的交互作用显著。(4)在不同的家庭环境中成长的大学生生存理由有显著差异。遭遇了亲友自杀、危及生命的自然灾害的个体生存理由分均显著低于没有遭遇过这些经历的样本组。家庭环境量表高分组与低分组样本之间生存理由有显著差异。(5)EPQ人格问卷E、N、P因子分高分组、生活事件高分组的RFL-C总分、SCB、RFF、CRC维度分均显著低于其低分组,而FS、FSD、MO维度分显著高于后者。SCL-90量表阳性症状组SCB维度分都显著比阴性症状组得分低。(6)神经质因子、精神质因子、内向-外向因子,强迫因子、焦虑因子、躯体化因子,家庭环境如对家庭的喜欢程度、家庭结构、家庭经济状况及家庭的亲密度、情感表达、文化性、娱乐性因子,负性生活事件如学习压力、亲人中的自杀、人际关系事件、丧失事件、其他重大生活事件,年级变量、生源地变量、性别变量对生存理由低分有不同程度的预测作用。(7)生存理由总量表及SCB、RFF、CRC、 FSD、MO分量表在压力性生活事件与大学生自杀意念关系之间存在补偿效应；生存理由总量表、SCB、RFF、CRC、FS分量表分在压力性生活事件与大学生自杀意念之间起着部分中介作用；压力性生活事件与生存理由(生存理由总量表,SCB、RFF、CRC、FSD)的调节项对大学生自杀意念的预测作用显著。结论：(1)中文版生存理由量表在大学生中存在良好的信效度；(2)不同专业、不同性别、不同生源地、有无宗教信仰、对专业喜欢程度不同的大学生样本的生存理由表述呈现年级差异；不同家庭环境、是否遭遇压力性生活事件、不同个性特点、不同心理健康状态的样本其生存理由表述不同；心理健康状况、家庭环境、压力性生活事件及生源地、性别、年级变量对大学生生存理由存在不同程度的影响。(3)生存理由可以在一定程度上抵消压力性生活事件对大学生自杀意念的不利影响,起到风险补偿效应。压力性生活事件既直接作用于大学生自杀意念,又通过生存理由能产生间接作用；生存理由可以缓冲压力性生活事件对大学生自杀意念的促进作用。增强学生的内在生存信念,提高学生在自杀预防中的主动性是大学生自杀意念有效防控的重要而关键的方法。
[Abstract]:Objective: (1) to revise the survival reason scale, establish the Chinese version of the survival reason scale, and test its reliability and validity in the domestic college students; (2) to understand the reasons for the survival of the domestic college students and their influence on suicide ideation, and to find the key method to effectively promote the prevention and control of College Students' suicide.
Methods: (1) the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the subsistence scale was studied by 2166 college students in six universities in Hunan province. After.4 weeks, 140 college students participated in the retest. The reliability test adopted the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the item and the subscale correlation and retest reliability. The validity test included the structural validity (exploration). Factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and subscale correlation) and content validity (aggregation validity and discriminative validity). (2) the subsequent study was completed by 2951 college students from six universities in Hunan. Statistical methods were used: descriptive statistics, t test, F test, and regression analysis.
Results: (1) the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Chinese version of the survival reason scale was 0.94, the factor alpha coefficient was between 0.74-0.94, the retest reliability of the total scale was 0.75, the retest reliability of each factor was 0.65-0.87, and the correlation coefficient between the items and the corresponding factors was between 0.67-0.93. The validity and the aggregation validity were satisfactory. (2) the students' scores on the SCB, RFF, and CRC dimensions were higher. (3) the main effect of the grade of survival was not significant. The grade and professional type of the college students' survival reasons, the learning situation, the degree of professional preference, the interaction of the religious belief, sex, and the source of origin were significant. (4) in different family environment. There were significant differences in survival reasons for the growing college students. The individual survival reasons of the natural disasters that suffered from relatives and friends and the natural disasters endangering life were significantly lower than those who had not experienced these experiences. There were significant differences in the survival reasons between the high group and the low group. (5) the EPQ personality questionnaire E, N, and P factors were divided into high groups. The scores of RFL-C, SCB, RFF, and CRC were significantly lower than those of low groups, while FS, FSD, MO dimension scores were significantly higher than those of the latter.SCL-90 scale. (6) neuroticism, psychotic factor, introvert extrovert, obsessive factor, anxiety factor, somatization factor, family A court environment, such as the degree of family preference, family structure, family economic status and family intimacy, emotional expression, culture, recreational factors, negative life events such as learning pressure, suicide in the family, interpersonal events, loss events, other major life events, grade variables, origin variables, and sex variables are low on the reasons for survival. (7) the total list of survival reasons and SCB, RFF, CRC, FSD, MO subscales have compensatory effects between the stressful life events and the suicidal ideation of college students; the total list of reasons for survival, SCB, RFF, CRC, and FS components are partially mediating between the stressful life events and the suicidal ideation of college students. The regulatory items of stressful life events and survival reasons (survival scale, SCB, RFF, CRC, FSD) have significant predictive effects on College Students' suicidal ideation.
Conclusion: (1) the Chinese version of the survival reason scale has good reliability and validity in college students; (2) different majors, different sexes, different sources of life, and there are no religious beliefs, presenting grade differences to the survival reasons of college students with different professional levels of life; different family environments, stressful life events, different personalities Characteristics, different psychological state of the sample of their survival reasons are different, psychological health status, family environment, stressful life events and birthplaces, sex, grade variables have different degrees of influence on College Students' survival reasons. (3) survival reasons can counteract the suicidal ideation of stressful life events to college students in a certain range. The adverse effects, which play a direct role in college students' suicide ideation, have an indirect effect on survival reasons, and the survival reasons can cushion the promotion of College Students' suicidal ideation by stressful life events, enhance students' belief in survival and improve students' suicide prevention. Initiative is an important and key method for effective prevention and control of suicide ideation among college students.

【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G444;G645.5

【参考文献】