新形势下大学生知耻教育研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:03

本文选题：大学生 + 知耻　；参考：《河南工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济的迅猛发展及中国社会的深刻转型，道德失范现象日益严重，一个重要表现就是社会上耻感缺失、荣辱不分的问题逐渐凸显。与此同时，耻感的研究也开始受到各界学者的重视。育人为本，德育为先，中国高校肩负着为社会主义培养合格建设者和可靠接班人重要任务，把大学生思想道德教育放在重要的战略高度。然而，新形势下中国高校思想道德教育的效果仍然存在着不容忽视的问题，其中一个重要原因就是对于知耻教育在塑造大学生道德素质中的作用还重视不够。为提高大学生的思想道德素质，提高高校德育的实效性，高校应该从基本的作为底线伦理的知耻教育抓起。论文以揭示知耻的内涵为切入点，阐述了知耻在伦理道德中的地位，梳理了中国传统耻感文化的主要内容，论述了传统耻感文化的当代价值，分析了当前高校大学生道德状况及对大学生进行知耻教育的必要性，在此基础上设计出新形势下对大学生有效进行知耻教育的路径。文章认为，所谓知耻是个人行为、动机和自我谴责时的内心体验的品德，是一个正常的社会人应该有的基本道德情感和道德意识，而善良和良心则是知耻的品质基础和心理机制，知耻的主要表现是焦虑、羞耻和内疚等情绪。知耻是道德认知的基础，是人最基本的道德修养和道德准则，它构成人类文明的道德底线，人的知耻之心，不是与生俱来的，而是通过教育和培养形成的。教人知耻就是知耻教育。中国耻感文化源远流长，内容丰厚，具有非常重要的道德和伦理价值，传统耻感文化是当代道德教育的一个重要的文化资源，吸收耻感文化，有助于化解当今道德教育的困境、有助于把他律转化为自律、有利于增强民族凝聚力和促进社会进步的和谐发展。长期以来，中国高等教育都把大学生思想道德教育放在重要的战略地位，成绩显著，表现在大学生思想道德素质主流是积极健康和向上的，但是也仍然存在不容忽视的问题：拜金主义、享乐主义和个人主义滋长蔓延，部分大学生某些方面或领域表现出耻感淡化，如责任意识不强、诚信缺失、考试作弊、学术不端等。尽管原因复杂，但长期忽视知耻教育是部分大学生耻感淡化的一个重要原因。因此，重视知耻教育是培养大学生耻感，提高大学生道德素质的重要切入点。为此，需要从两方面着手，，一是通过构建社会道德评价体系、推进道德立法等，营造知耻教育的社会大环境，二是营造知耻教育的校园文化，为培养学生明荣知耻提供良好的校园环境。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy and the profound transformation of Chinese society, the phenomenon of moral anomie is becoming more and more serious. At the same time, the study of shame also began to be valued by scholars from all walks of life. In order to cultivate qualified constructors and reliable successors for socialism, colleges and universities in China shoulder the important task of cultivating qualified constructors and reliable successors, and put the ideological and moral education of college students in an important strategic height. However, under the new situation, there are still some problems that can not be ignored in the effect of ideological and moral education in Chinese universities, one of the important reasons is that insufficient attention is paid to the role of shame education in shaping the moral quality of college students. In order to improve the ideological and moral quality of college students and improve the effectiveness of moral education in colleges and universities, colleges and universities should start from the basic education of shame as the bottom line ethics. Based on revealing the connotation of shame, this paper expounds the status of knowledge of shame in ethics, combs the main contents of Chinese traditional shame culture, and discusses the contemporary value of traditional shame culture. This paper analyzes on the current moral status of college students and the necessity of carrying out the education of knowing shame to college students, and on this basis, designs the path of effective education of knowing shame for college students under the new situation. The article holds that the so-called "shame" is the moral character of personal behavior, motivation and inner experience of self-condemnation. It is the basic moral emotion and moral consciousness that a normal social person should have. Kindness and conscience are the quality basis and psychological mechanism of shame, and the main manifestations of shame are anxiety, shame and guilt. Knowledge of shame is the basis of moral cognition and the most basic moral accomplishment and moral criterion. It constitutes the moral bottom line of human civilization. The heart of human shame is not born, but formed through education and cultivation. To teach people to know shame is to know shame. Chinese shame culture has a long history, rich content and very important moral and ethical value. Traditional shame culture is an important cultural resource of contemporary moral education. It helps to transform heteronomy into self-discipline, to strengthen national cohesion and to promote the harmonious development of social progress. For a long time, Chinese higher education has placed the ideological and moral education of college students in an important strategic position, with remarkable achievements, which is manifested in the positive, healthy and progressive mainstream of college students' ideological and moral quality. However, there are still some problems that can not be ignored: money worship, hedonism and individualism grow and spread, and some college students show a diminished sense of shame in some aspects or fields, such as weak sense of responsibility, lack of good faith, cheating in exams, etc. Academic misconduct, etc Although the reasons are complicated, long-term neglect of shame education is an important reason for the desolation of shame in some college students. Therefore, to pay attention to the education of shame is an important starting point to cultivate the sense of shame and improve the moral quality of college students. Therefore, it is necessary to start from two aspects, one is to build the social environment of shame education through the construction of social moral evaluation system and the promotion of moral legislation, and the other is to build the campus culture of shame education. Provide a good campus environment for training students to be proud and ashamed.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

【参考文献】