清末民初直隶师范教育研究（1902-1922）

发布时间：2018-06-23 05:08

本文选题：清末民初 + 直隶　；参考：《河北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文是以1902—1922年直隶师范教育为对象的专题研究。中国自古有尊师重道的传统，但中国古代却一直没有出现专门培养师资的教育机构。直到1897年，南洋公学设立师范学院，才揭开了中国近代师范教育的序幕。后来，随着一系列师范教育章程和政令的颁布，师范教育得以初步发展。近代直隶师范教育就是在全国师范教育兴起的大背景下，开始了自己的发展之路。伴随清末洋务教育和新政改革，直隶兴建了一批新式学堂。这些新式学堂的创办，除经费筹集外，最急需的就是师资问题。于是为了解决这一难题，直隶各地纷纷建立师范学堂，从而使师范教育在直隶得以兴起。1902年，直隶创办了第一所师范学堂——直隶师范学堂。次年，天津又创设了最早的教师进修学校——教师补习所和教员研究所。之后，全省各地各级各类师范教育机构开始普遍设立。据统计，1923年，直隶省境内仅师范学校就有28所，居全国第一，培养师范生数千人。清末民初，直隶严格遵守政府教育方针，落实国家政策，建立了各级各类师范学堂（或学校），形成了相对完善的省级学制。从而使直隶师范教育经过了从无到有，，从小到大的发展，为直隶各项教育事业输送了大量师资和教育人才，并通过对私塾教师的培训，参与和推动了传统教育的现代化改造。直隶师范教育虽然取得了一些成就，但其发展过程中仍不可避免的存在一些问题，如发展不满足于现状和部分师范学堂办学水平低下、不符合规格等。但是，它在初创和发展过程中所采取的一些革新措施和理念，仍然值得我们思考与借鉴。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on normal education in Zhili from 1902 to 1922. China has a tradition of respecting teachers since ancient times, but there were no educational institutions specialized in teacher training in ancient China. It was not until 1897 that Nanyang Public School set up the normal College, which opened the prelude of Chinese modern normal education. Later, with the promulgation of a series of statutes and decrees, normal education developed preliminarily. The modern normal education in Zhili began its own development under the background of the rise of normal education in China. With the Westernization Education and the New deal Reform in the late Qing Dynasty, a number of new schools were built in Zhili. In addition to raising funds, the establishment of these new schools is most in need of teachers. In order to solve this problem, teachers' schools were established all over Zhili, which made normal education rise in Zhili. In 1902, Zhili established the first normal school-Zhili normal School. The following year, Tianjin also established the earliest teacher-training school-teacher tutoring Institute and Institute of Teachers. After that, all kinds of teacher-training institutions at all levels throughout the province began to be set up. According to statistics, in 1923, Zhili Province, there are only 28 normal schools, ranked first in the country, training thousands of normal students. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Zhili strictly obeyed the educational policy of the government, carried out the national policy, established all kinds of normal schools at all levels (or schools), and formed a relatively perfect provincial school system. As a result, teachers' education in Zhili has been developed from scratch to existence and from small to large. A large number of teachers and educational talents have been sent to the various educational undertakings in Zhili, and through the training of teachers in private schools, they have participated in and promoted the modernization transformation of traditional education. Although some achievements have been made in normal education in Zhili, there are still some unavoidable problems in its development, such as the fact that the development is not satisfied with the present situation and the low level of running a school in some normal schools, which is not in accordance with the specifications and so on. However, some innovative measures and ideas adopted in the process of its establishment and development are still worthy of our consideration and reference.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K25;G659.29

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