计算机控制虚拟教学实验系统的研究
发布时间：2018-09-07 21:16
【摘要】：《计算机控制系统》是机械类机电专业的一门必修课程,其研究对象为线性或近似线性的离散系统。在研究该系统物理模型过程中,首先需要解决其数学描述、模型建立以及分析工具的问题,但在实际教学过程中,发现学生较难理解计算机控制理论的数学模型——脉冲传递函数,所以迫切的需要增加实验环节,将枯燥的理论知识进行可视化,增加学生对计算机控制理论的感性认识,提高学习效果。然而搭建计算机控制系统的实验平台,需要购买特定的实验仪器,这将大大地增加教学成本。但随着科学技术水平的发展,一种综合了计算机技术、软件工程技术、数字信号处理技术的虚拟仪器技术的出现,提供了新的解决途径。我们可以运用计算机强大的计算功能和图像处理能力,建立起计算机控制虚拟实验系统完成教学实验。 计算机控制虚拟实验系统选用了虚拟仪器编程软件Lab VIEW2010作为开发环境,并结合使用了控制设计与仿真工具包和PID和Fuzzy Logic工具包,利用该软件在图形化编程方式以及交互式仿真方面的优势,完成虚拟实验系统的开发。 该教学虚拟实验系统针对《计算机控制系统》课程中所涉及的基本概念和理论定理进行介绍和实验分析。包括香农时域采样定理的演示实验,实现线性连续系统离散化的实验,根据脉冲传递函数判定系统稳定性、稳态特性以及动态特性的验证实验,数字控制器设计方法的介绍实验,以及PID位置控制器、最小拍控制器的算法设计实验；最后以采煤机滚筒调高控制系统、车床进给伺服控制系统和双容水箱液位控制系统为例,展示了计算机控制理论的应用。 在系统的总体设计过程中,由于该虚拟实验系统包括了多个子实验内容,为了避免各个模块运行时发生冲突,所以主程序采用了基于生产者／消费者模式的整体架构,并运用了子面板技术和动态调用VI技术,解决各个实验前面板在主程序界面的载入和显示问题。另外通过设置窗口颜色显示属性以及优化控件之间的布局,美化系统操作界面。 该虚拟实验系统配置要求低、操作简单容易,并完全配合《计算机控制系统》的教学内容,其展示的结果和曲线都是根据输入的参数计算获得,在可视性、互动性和科学性方面具有突出优势。现已开始应用于教学当中,并收到了良好的效果。因此,利用计算机为本科教学设计和开发一个合适和综合的计算机控制理论虚拟教学实验系统是具有实际意义的,并且可作为大学实验室的未来发展趋势。
[Abstract]:Computer control system is a compulsory course for mechanical and electrical specialty. Its research object is linear or approximate linear discrete system. In the process of studying the physical model of the system, we need to solve the problems of mathematical description, modeling and analysis tools, but in the process of teaching, It is found that it is difficult for students to understand the mathematical model of computer control theory-pulse transfer function. Therefore, it is urgent to increase the experimental links, visualize the dull theoretical knowledge, and increase the students' perceptual understanding of computer control theory. Improve the learning effect. However, to build the experimental platform of computer control system, we need to purchase specific experimental instruments, which will greatly increase the cost of teaching. However, with the development of science and technology, the emergence of a kind of virtual instrument technology which integrates computer technology, software engineering technology and digital signal processing technology provides a new way to solve the problem. We can use the powerful computing function and image processing ability of computer to set up a computer controlled virtual experiment system to complete the teaching experiment. Virtual instrument programming software Lab VIEW2010 is used as the development environment in the computer control virtual experiment system, and the control design and simulation toolkits, PID and Fuzzy Logic toolkits are used in combination. The development of virtual experiment system is completed by taking advantage of the software in graphical programming and interactive simulation. The teaching virtual experiment system introduces and analyzes the basic concepts and theoretical theorems involved in the course of computer Control system. Including the demonstration experiment of Shannon's time domain sampling theorem, the experiment of realizing discretization of linear continuous system, and the verification experiment of system stability, steady state characteristic and dynamic characteristic according to pulse transfer function. This paper introduces the design method of digital controller, the algorithm design experiment of PID position controller and minimum beat controller, and finally takes the control system of drum height adjustment of shearer, the servo control system of lathe feed and the liquid level control system of double tank as examples. The application of computer control theory is demonstrated. In the overall design process of the system, because the virtual experimental system includes many sub-experiments, in order to avoid the collision of each module, the main program adopts the overall framework based on producer / consumer mode. The technology of subpanel and dynamic calling VI are used to solve the loading and displaying problem of each experimental front panel in the main program interface. In addition, by setting the window color display properties and optimizing the layout between controls, beautify the system operation interface. The virtual experimental system has the advantages of low configuration requirements, simple and easy operation, and full cooperation with the teaching contents of "computer Control system". The results and curves shown are calculated according to the input parameters, and are obtained in visibility. Interactive and scientific aspects have outstanding advantages. It has been applied to teaching and has achieved good results. Therefore, it is of practical significance to use computer to design and develop a suitable and comprehensive virtual teaching experiment system of computer control theory for undergraduate teaching, and it can be regarded as the future development trend of university laboratory.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP273.5-4;G642
本文编号：2229443
[Abstract]:Computer control system is a compulsory course for mechanical and electrical specialty. Its research object is linear or approximate linear discrete system. In the process of studying the physical model of the system, we need to solve the problems of mathematical description, modeling and analysis tools, but in the process of teaching, It is found that it is difficult for students to understand the mathematical model of computer control theory-pulse transfer function. Therefore, it is urgent to increase the experimental links, visualize the dull theoretical knowledge, and increase the students' perceptual understanding of computer control theory. Improve the learning effect. However, to build the experimental platform of computer control system, we need to purchase specific experimental instruments, which will greatly increase the cost of teaching. However, with the development of science and technology, the emergence of a kind of virtual instrument technology which integrates computer technology, software engineering technology and digital signal processing technology provides a new way to solve the problem. We can use the powerful computing function and image processing ability of computer to set up a computer controlled virtual experiment system to complete the teaching experiment. Virtual instrument programming software Lab VIEW2010 is used as the development environment in the computer control virtual experiment system, and the control design and simulation toolkits, PID and Fuzzy Logic toolkits are used in combination. The development of virtual experiment system is completed by taking advantage of the software in graphical programming and interactive simulation. The teaching virtual experiment system introduces and analyzes the basic concepts and theoretical theorems involved in the course of computer Control system. Including the demonstration experiment of Shannon's time domain sampling theorem, the experiment of realizing discretization of linear continuous system, and the verification experiment of system stability, steady state characteristic and dynamic characteristic according to pulse transfer function. This paper introduces the design method of digital controller, the algorithm design experiment of PID position controller and minimum beat controller, and finally takes the control system of drum height adjustment of shearer, the servo control system of lathe feed and the liquid level control system of double tank as examples. The application of computer control theory is demonstrated. In the overall design process of the system, because the virtual experimental system includes many sub-experiments, in order to avoid the collision of each module, the main program adopts the overall framework based on producer / consumer mode. The technology of subpanel and dynamic calling VI are used to solve the loading and displaying problem of each experimental front panel in the main program interface. In addition, by setting the window color display properties and optimizing the layout between controls, beautify the system operation interface. The virtual experimental system has the advantages of low configuration requirements, simple and easy operation, and full cooperation with the teaching contents of "computer Control system". The results and curves shown are calculated according to the input parameters, and are obtained in visibility. Interactive and scientific aspects have outstanding advantages. It has been applied to teaching and has achieved good results. Therefore, it is of practical significance to use computer to design and develop a suitable and comprehensive virtual teaching experiment system of computer control theory for undergraduate teaching, and it can be regarded as the future development trend of university laboratory.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP273.5-4;G642
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