天津市属高校本科专业结构优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 12:07

【摘要】：专业是高等学校重要的、最基本的教学组织单元，，是高等学校生存和发展的基础。专业设置与专业内涵建设直接决定了人才培养的结构与质量，是高校办学实力的重要体现，是学校发展的关键。当前，我国高等教育正处在大众化阶段，而天津已进入高等教育普及化阶段。在这样的背景下，天津高等教育如何更好地实现服务社会的功能，如何实现人才链、学科专业链与产业链的紧密结合和有效对接，如何满足滨海新区开发开放对人才培养提出的新的更高的要求，都是目前高等教育中迫切需要关注和研究的问题。本文以天津市属高校本科专业为研究对象，从专业和专业建设的基本概念和基本理论入手，简要回顾了我国高校本科专业设置和发展的历史，以及近年来天津市在本科专业结构调整方面所做的工作，分析了近年天津市市属本科高校专业布点、招生和就业状况，以及专业建设与天津市支柱产业和主导产业对接情况，找出天津市高校在专业规划、建设和发展中存在的主要问题；提出专业结构优化的动态三维模型，并利用层次分析法，建立相应的指标体系；通过有针对性的量化分析，按照各专业在模型中所处的不同位置，提出专业发展的不同策略和路径；最后用营销学的基本原理，提出专业建设和优化的建议。本文的主要创新之处在于：建立了三维动态专业评价模型，并据此以“专业比较优势”、“专业建设资源配置能力”和“专业拓展空间”为一级指标，构建了专业建设评价体系。该模型可帮助决策者针对不同学校不同专业的具体情况，通过定性与定量相结合的分析方法，更清晰地了解专业现状和在模型中所处的位置，从而选择不同的发展策略和路径。
[Abstract]:Specialty is an important and basic unit of teaching organization in colleges and universities, and is the basis for the survival and development of institutions of higher learning. The structure and quality of talent training are directly determined by specialty setup and connotation construction. It is an important embodiment of the strength of running a university and the key to the development of a university. At present, China's higher education is in the stage of popularization, and Tianjin has entered the stage of popularization of higher education. Under this background, how to better realize the function of serving the society, how to realize the talent chain, how to combine the discipline chain with the industry chain and how to effectively connect Tianjin higher education, How to meet the new and higher requirements of the development and opening up of Binhai New area for talents training is an urgent need for attention and research in the current higher education. Based on the basic concepts and theories of specialty and specialty construction, this paper briefly reviews the history of undergraduate specialty establishment and development in colleges and universities in Tianjin. As well as the work done in recent years in the adjustment of undergraduate specialty structure in Tianjin, this paper analyzes the situation of specialty placement, enrollment and employment in Tianjin municipal undergraduate colleges and universities in recent years, as well as the connection between professional construction and the pillar industries and leading industries in Tianjin. To find out the main problems existing in the professional planning, construction and development of Tianjin universities, to put forward the dynamic three-dimensional model of professional structure optimization, and to establish the corresponding index system by using the analytic hierarchy process. According to the different positions of each major in the model, different strategies and paths of professional development are put forward, and the suggestions of specialty construction and optimization are put forward with the basic principles of marketing. The main innovation of this paper lies in the establishment of a three-dimensional dynamic professional evaluation model. According to this model, "professional comparative advantage", "professional construction resource allocation ability" and "professional expansion space" are regarded as the primary indicators. The evaluation system of professional construction is constructed. The model can help decision-makers to choose different development strategies and paths by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to understand the status quo of majors and their position in the model more clearly according to the specific conditions of different majors in different schools.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G642.0

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