本科生转专业问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 10:14

【摘要】：人的一生是个不断选择的过程，大到职业选择、婚姻选择，小到食物选择、商品选择。在一个文明度越高的社会里，选择的自由程度越高。如果我们做出了错误选择，是有纠正机会的。比如，选错了一件不喜欢或不必要的商品，可以退换。那么学生选错了专业，该如何处理呢。根据教育部出台的《普通高等学校学生管理规定》的精神，各高校相继出台了大学生转专业方面的政策。转专业政策给“入错行”的学生一次重新选择的机会，给他们带来了希望。也体现了高校以学生为本的新的管理理念。本论文通过分析各高校本科生转专业政策，学生转专业的状况，，分析转专业政策的不合理之处和转专业过程中出现的问题。转专业政策限制过多，标准过高，一刀切。学生在转专业过程中也存在盲目性，跟风、追求就业率等，没有一项可行的指导措施。其原因主要有我国高招填报志愿政策和高校录取制度有不合理因素，高校管理制度僵化，我国的专业体系过窄，以及准大学生填报志愿时的盲目性。学生在选择专业时主要以分数作为参照，而不是根据兴趣的选择，这就导致了专业选择的异化。教育体制和各种制度限制了学生选择专业的自由。针对问题和原因给出完善转专业制度的策略：高中要加强填报志愿的指导，使学生清楚大学里的各个专业的内涵；高校应按大类招生，向通识教育过度；学生入学后加强专业思想教育和职业规划教育，让学生正确理解就读的专业；针对本校的实际情况制定合理的转专业政策，保证学生重新选择专业的公平性。高校应积极优化专业结构，改进教学，探索不同的培养模式，给不能实现转专业的学生学习的机会。
[Abstract]:A person's life is a process of continuous selection, ranging from career choices, marriage choices, food choices and commodity choices. In a more civilized society, the greater the degree of freedom of choice. If we make the wrong choice, there is a chance of correction. For example, choose the wrong one do not like or unnecessary goods, can be returned. So students choose the wrong major, how to deal with it. According to the spirit of the regulations on the Management of College students issued by the Ministry of Education, various colleges and universities have successively issued policies on the transfer of college students to majors. The transfer policy gives students in the wrong profession a chance to re-choose and give them hope. It also reflects the new management concept of students-oriented in colleges and universities. This paper analyzes the policy of undergraduate students to major, the situation of students changing majors, the irrationality of the policy of changing majors and the problems in the process of changing majors. Turn professional policy limits too much, the standard is too high, cut across the board. Students also have blindness, follow the trend and pursue employment rate in the course of changing major, there is not a feasible guiding measure. The main reasons are that there are unreasonable factors in our country's policy of applying for voluntary application and the admission system of colleges and universities, the rigid management system of colleges and universities, the narrow professional system of our country, and the blindness of prospective college students when they fill in their voluntary applications. When students choose their major, they mainly take the score as reference, not according to their interest, which leads to dissimilation of professional choice. The educational system and various systems restrict students' freedom to choose their major. Aiming at the problems and reasons, this paper puts forward the strategies of perfecting the system of changing majors: the senior high school should strengthen the guidance of filling in the voluntary form, so that the students can understand the connotation of each major in the university, the universities should recruit students according to the large types of students, and turn to general education; After entering the school, the students should strengthen their professional ideological education and professional planning education, let them understand their major correctly, and make a reasonable policy of transferring majors according to the actual situation of the school, so as to ensure the fairness of the students' re-choosing their major. Colleges and universities should actively optimize the professional structure, improve teaching, explore different training models, and give the students who can not transfer to major the opportunity to learn.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647

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