后种族隔离时期南非高等教育公平政策研究
发布时间：2018-11-10 15:44
【摘要】：本文系统地研究了从1994年新民主南非政府成立至今,南非高等教育过程中关于教育公平性的问题,较为全面地论述并分析了南非高等教育公平性政策的发展历程。在全球化的国际背景下,南非高等教育进行了大刀阔斧地改革,民主政府围绕着教育公平这一主要原则,制定了一系列的教育法律法规和教育政策,并积极进行实践,最终取得了卓越的成效,但是仍存在诸多的不足。 第一章提出了论文的基本问题,后种族隔离时期的南非政府面临一个新的发展规划,高等教育公平化问题也面临困境,政府则主要通过制定高等教育政策来促进高等教育公平化趋势的发展。这些政策法规是在怎样的背景下制定的?在这种背景下,又是如何解决南非高等教育公平性问题的?在此基础上,本章提出了本研究的意义,界定了相关的基本概念,综述了主要文献,并论述了研究思路和方法。 第二章主要回顾了1994年之前南非高等教育的发展。南非高等教育的发展演变,与南非政治、经济及社会历史的发展有着密切的联系。南非高等教育经历了四个发展阶段,分别是初步发展阶段,联邦制统治下的发展阶段,种族隔离制度下的发展阶段,以及后种族隔离时期的发展阶段。本章着重分析了在高等教育院校之间、入学机会以及高等教育财政上的不公平现象,为南非高等教育发展带来的负面影响。 第三章主要研究了后种族隔离时期南非高等教育公平矫正政策的发展过程。在这个时期,公平性政策对南非高等教育发展起到重要作用。论文首先从社会贫富差距、政治参与、和经济发展的方面分析了公平政策制定的背景,通过对公平性改革标准的研究分析了公平政策制定的必要性。在法律基础和基本框架等方面,本研究主要分析了《宪法》、《高等教育法》、《重建与发展计划》、《教育与培训政策框架》、《国家高等教育委员会报告：变革框架》、《1995年教育与培训白皮书》、《高等教育变革绿皮书》及《教育白皮书3：高等教育变革计划》等政策法规,将其中有关教育公平问题的内容进行梳理并加以分析研究,这些政策法规为南非高等教育的发展奠定了坚实的基础。本研究从院校公平、入学机会公平、教育财政公平三个方面对公平政策文本进行解读,有效地推动了高等教育公平化进程地发展,矫正了过去高等教育领域的不公平现象,力求建立一个完善的、民主的教育体系,为国民提供高质量的教育。 第四章主要评价了后种族隔离时期高等教育政策的实施成效和存在的问题。在成效方面,主要从入学率的提高、学生构成多样化、院校间的公平化方面进行分析,总体上南非高等教育得到了良性的发展,改革成效显著,教育公平问题得到一定程度地缓解。但是仍然在高等教育公平化发展的道路上遇到了瓶颈,学生毕业率和教育财政等问题亟待解决。
[Abstract]:This paper systematically studies the issue of educational fairness in the process of higher education in South Africa since the establishment of the New Democratic Government of South Africa in 1994, and discusses and analyzes the development process of the fairness policy of higher education in South Africa. Under the international background of globalization, higher education in South Africa has carried out drastic reforms. The democratic government has formulated a series of educational laws and regulations and educational policies around the main principle of educational equity, and has actively carried out the practice. Finally achieved remarkable results, but there are still many deficiencies. The first chapter puts forward the basic problems of the thesis. The post-apartheid South African government is faced with a new development plan, and the issue of equity of higher education is also faced with difficulties. On the other hand, the government promotes the development of the trend of higher education equity mainly by making the policy of higher education. Under what background are these policies and regulations formulated? In this context, how to solve the fairness of higher education in South Africa? On this basis, this chapter puts forward the significance of this study, defines the relevant basic concepts, summarizes the main literature, and discusses the research ideas and methods. The second chapter reviews the development of higher education in South Africa before 1994. The evolution of higher education in South Africa is closely related to the development of political, economic and social history in South Africa. South Africa's higher education has undergone four stages of development, namely, the initial stage of development, the stage of development under federal rule, the stage of development under apartheid, and the stage of development of post-apartheid period. This chapter analyzes the negative effects on the development of higher education in South Africa. The third chapter mainly studies the development process of higher education equity correction policy in the post-apartheid period in South Africa. In this period, fairness policy played an important role in the development of higher education in South Africa. Firstly, the paper analyzes the background of the fair policy from the aspects of the gap between the rich and the poor, political participation and economic development, and analyzes the necessity of the fair policy making through the research of the fairness reform standard. In terms of the legal basis and basic framework, this study mainly analyzes the Constitution, the higher Education Act, the Reconstruction and Development Plan, the Policy Framework for Education and training, the National higher Education Commission report: a Framework for change, The policies and regulations such as the 1995 White Paper on Education and training, the Green Paper on the Reform of higher Education, and the White Paper on Education 3: reform Plan for higher Education, etc. These policies and regulations have laid a solid foundation for the development of higher education in South Africa. This study interprets the text of fair policy from three aspects of college fairness, entrance opportunity equity and education finance equity, which effectively promotes the development of higher education fairness process and corrects the unfair phenomenon in the field of higher education in the past. Strive to establish a sound, democratic education system to provide high-quality education for the people. Chapter four mainly evaluates the effect and problems of higher education policy in post-apartheid period. In terms of effectiveness, it is mainly from the aspects of increasing the enrollment rate, diversifying the composition of students, and equalizing between colleges and universities. In general, South Africa's higher education has been well developed, and the reform has achieved remarkable results. The problem of educational equity has been alleviated to a certain extent. However, there is still a bottleneck on the road of fair development of higher education, and the problems of graduation rate and education finance need to be solved.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.47
本文编号：2322864
[Abstract]:This paper systematically studies the issue of educational fairness in the process of higher education in South Africa since the establishment of the New Democratic Government of South Africa in 1994, and discusses and analyzes the development process of the fairness policy of higher education in South Africa. Under the international background of globalization, higher education in South Africa has carried out drastic reforms. The democratic government has formulated a series of educational laws and regulations and educational policies around the main principle of educational equity, and has actively carried out the practice. Finally achieved remarkable results, but there are still many deficiencies. The first chapter puts forward the basic problems of the thesis. The post-apartheid South African government is faced with a new development plan, and the issue of equity of higher education is also faced with difficulties. On the other hand, the government promotes the development of the trend of higher education equity mainly by making the policy of higher education. Under what background are these policies and regulations formulated? In this context, how to solve the fairness of higher education in South Africa? On this basis, this chapter puts forward the significance of this study, defines the relevant basic concepts, summarizes the main literature, and discusses the research ideas and methods. The second chapter reviews the development of higher education in South Africa before 1994. The evolution of higher education in South Africa is closely related to the development of political, economic and social history in South Africa. South Africa's higher education has undergone four stages of development, namely, the initial stage of development, the stage of development under federal rule, the stage of development under apartheid, and the stage of development of post-apartheid period. This chapter analyzes the negative effects on the development of higher education in South Africa. The third chapter mainly studies the development process of higher education equity correction policy in the post-apartheid period in South Africa. In this period, fairness policy played an important role in the development of higher education in South Africa. Firstly, the paper analyzes the background of the fair policy from the aspects of the gap between the rich and the poor, political participation and economic development, and analyzes the necessity of the fair policy making through the research of the fairness reform standard. In terms of the legal basis and basic framework, this study mainly analyzes the Constitution, the higher Education Act, the Reconstruction and Development Plan, the Policy Framework for Education and training, the National higher Education Commission report: a Framework for change, The policies and regulations such as the 1995 White Paper on Education and training, the Green Paper on the Reform of higher Education, and the White Paper on Education 3: reform Plan for higher Education, etc. These policies and regulations have laid a solid foundation for the development of higher education in South Africa. This study interprets the text of fair policy from three aspects of college fairness, entrance opportunity equity and education finance equity, which effectively promotes the development of higher education fairness process and corrects the unfair phenomenon in the field of higher education in the past. Strive to establish a sound, democratic education system to provide high-quality education for the people. Chapter four mainly evaluates the effect and problems of higher education policy in post-apartheid period. In terms of effectiveness, it is mainly from the aspects of increasing the enrollment rate, diversifying the composition of students, and equalizing between colleges and universities. In general, South Africa's higher education has been well developed, and the reform has achieved remarkable results. The problem of educational equity has been alleviated to a certain extent. However, there is still a bottleneck on the road of fair development of higher education, and the problems of graduation rate and education finance need to be solved.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.47
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