新时期吉林省高等教育发展改革问题的研究

发布时间：2019-01-01 09:39

【摘要】：在改革开放之初,我省就做出了“将教育放在与经济同等重要地位来抓”的方针政策。1977年高考制度恢复并进行了首次高考,同时,经过对教育指导思想上的拨乱反正,我省的高等教育进入了改革发展的新时期。随着我省经济的迅速发展,高等教育发展的问题层出不穷,深入研究我省高等教育发展问题已迫在眉睫。本文对我省高等教育的历程与高等教育改革的必要性进行了全面总结,对高等教育所取得的成就和现存问题及其原因进行了细致分析,并对进一步推动我省高等教育又快又好的发展提出了若干建议。文章主要从以下几方面进行了阐述：第一章,主要介绍了本文研究的背景、问题以及国内外研究现状,阐述了本文的研究目的与研究意义。第二章,对新时期高等教育发展改革的历程及必要性进行论述。首先,将我省高等教育的发展历程划分为四个阶段：第一阶段为改革与探索时期(1978—1991),第二阶段“内涵式”发展时期(1992—1998),第三阶段为大众化发展时期(1999—2005),第四阶段为现代化发展时期(2006—至今)。其次,阐述了加强我省高等教育改革的必要性。随着发展步伐的加快,教育的可持续发展、老工业基地的振兴与国民素质的提高都对高等教育提出了新的要求,迫使高等教育必须进行改革。第三章,对新时期高等教育取得的成就与发展过程中出现的问题及原因进行了调查和分析。新时期吉林省高等教育取得了显著的成绩：高等教育的毛入学率由1998年的9.8%上升至2008年的31.6%,高等教育由精英教育稳健地迈入了大众化教育的同时,不但教师队伍层次得到了不断提升,高校的后勤制度社会化程度的改革也取得了喜人成绩。同时在发展过程中也出现了许多不可回避的问题：高等教育投资体制不合理；高等教育国际化进程缓慢；高等教育人才培养能力不强等。第四章,针对我省高等教育发展中存在的问题,提出了自己的建议和对策。对于吉林省高等教育发展问题的对策主要有：健全高教投资体制；加大吉林省高等教育的国际化进程；明确吉林省高等教育人才培养方向。第一点中谈到了在充分利用和保护教育资源的基础上,合理发展多元化投资渠道,完善投资的保障机制。第二点从办学体制、交流水平和教育资源三方面,谈到了吉林省高等教育如何走向国际化。最后作为“钱学森之问”的回答,论述我们要通过更新人才培养观念,创新人才培养模式以及营造人才培养氛围来满足吉林省人才的需求。综上所述,高等教育是社会经济、政治和文化发展的动力之源。随着社会经济的不断发展,吉林省高等教育必须在发展过程中不断总结自身存在的问题,全面贯彻落实改革的方针政策,以便更好地适应时代的要求,为吉林省的稳步发展提供更多高质量的创新型人才。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of reform and opening up, our province made the policy of "putting education as important as the economy". In 1977, the college entrance examination system was restored and the first college entrance examination was conducted, and at the same time, through the rectification of the educational guiding ideology, Higher education in our province has entered a new period of reform and development. With the rapid development of economy in our province, the problems of the development of higher education emerge in endlessly, so it is urgent to study the development of higher education in our province. This paper summarizes the course of higher education and the necessity of higher education reform in our province, and analyzes the achievements, existing problems and reasons of higher education in detail. Some suggestions are put forward to further promote the rapid and good development of higher education in our province. This paper mainly describes the following aspects: the first chapter, mainly introduces the background of this study, problems and domestic and foreign research status, and describes the purpose and significance of this study. The second chapter discusses the course and necessity of the development and reform of higher education in the new period. Firstly, the development process of higher education in our province is divided into four stages: the first stage is the period of reform and exploration (1978-1991), the second stage is the period of "connotative development" (1992-1998). The third stage is the period of popular development (1999-2005) and the fourth stage is the period of modernization (2006-present). Secondly, it expounds the necessity of strengthening the reform of higher education in our province. With the acceleration of development, the sustainable development of education, the revitalization of the old industrial base and the improvement of national quality, new requirements have been put forward for higher education, which has forced the reform of higher education. The third chapter investigates and analyzes the achievements and problems in the development of higher education in the new period. In the new era, Jilin Province has made remarkable achievements in higher education: the gross enrolment rate of higher education has risen from 9.8% in 1998 to 31.6% in 2008, and higher education has steadily entered the mass education from elite education. Not only the level of teachers has been continuously upgraded, but also the reform of socialization of logistics system has achieved gratifying results. At the same time, there are many unavoidable problems in the process of development: unreasonable investment system of higher education, slow process of internationalization of higher education, weak training ability of talents in higher education and so on. Chapter four, in view of the problems in the development of higher education in our province, put forward its own suggestions and countermeasures. The countermeasures for the development of higher education in Jilin Province are as follows: perfecting the investment system of higher education, strengthening the internationalization process of higher education in Jilin Province, and clarifying the direction of talent training in higher education in Jilin Province. The first point talks about the rational development of diversified investment channels and the improvement of investment guarantee mechanism on the basis of making full use of and protecting educational resources. The second point is how to internationalize the higher education in Jilin Province from the aspects of school system, communication level and educational resources. Finally, as the answer of "Qian Xuesen's question", it is discussed that we should meet the demand of Jilin Province by renewing the concept of talent training, innovating the mode of talent training and creating the atmosphere of talent training. To sum up, higher education is the source of social economic, political and cultural development. With the continuous development of social economy, Jilin Province's higher education must constantly sum up its own problems in the process of development, carry out the principles and policies of reform in an all-round way, so as to better meet the requirements of the times. For the steady development of Jilin Province to provide more high-quality innovative personnel.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.20

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